Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
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Specific conductivity (mS/cm)a
Species Mean Min. Max.
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Vernonia fasciculata *0.1 *0.1 *0.2
Agrostis stolonifera *0.2 -- --
Lycopus americanus *0.3 -- --
Potentilla rivalis *0.3 -- --
Carex stipata *0.4 -- --
Equisetum arvense *0.4 -- --
Juncus interior *0.4 *0.3 *0.9
Aster sagittifolius *1.0 -- --
Plantago major *1.0 -- --
Potentilla norvegica *0.3 *0.1 *1.1
Juncus dudleyi *0.4 *0.3 *1.3
Carex buxbaumii 1.2 1.0 1.4
Lysimachia hybrida *0.1 *0.1 *1.6
Carex vulpinoidea 1.0 *0.1 1.7
Ranunculus macounii 1.1 *0.1 2.1
Rumex mexicanus *0.5 *0.1 *2.2
Juncus bufonius *2.3 -- --
Cirsium arvense *2.5 -- --
Bidens cernua 1.5 0.7 2.5
Helenium autumnale 1.5 0.5 2.5
Carex praegracilis *0.3 *0.1 *3.0
Echinochloa crusgalli 1.3 0.5 3.2
Carex laeviconica 1.5 *0.1 *3.2
Rorippa islandica 1.7 *0.1 *3.2
Poa palustris 1.4 Tr.b 3.4
Stachys palustris 1.8 *0.1 3.6
Calamagrostis canadensis 1.4 0.4 3.8
Carex sartwellii 1.5 0.4 3.8
Lycopus asper *1.9 *0.4 *4.4
Epilobium glandulosum *1.5 *0.5 *4.7
Mentha arvensis 1.6 *0.1 4.9
Apocynum sibiricum 1.8 *0.4 5.0
Eleocharis compressa 2.0 0.7 5.0
Carex tetanica 2.0 0.9 5.5
Potentilla anserina *1.6 *0.1 *6.0
Boltonia asteroides 1.4 *0.1 6.8
Carex lanuginosa 2.0 *0.1 9.1
Teucrium occidentale 3.1 *0.2 9.1
Aster hesperius 2.4 0.4 9.8
Juncus torreyi 1.7 *0.2 *10.0
Aster simplex *1.8 *0.1 *16.1
Calamagrostis inexpansa 2.6 *Tr. 17.6
Juncus balticus 3.3 *0.1 20.1
Spartina gracilis 9.0 0.7 20.1
Plantago eriopoda 9.8 1.0 20.1
Sonchus arvensis 5.2 0.5 20.8
Spartina pectinata 3.0 *Tr. 33.5
Muhlenbergia asperifolia 11.0 *0.7 *38.5
Hordeum jubatum 7.8 *Tr. *48.6
Triglochin maritima 12.5 *0.7 50.9
Distichlis spicata 17.0 *0.5 76.4
Atriplex patula 23.0 6.9 76.4
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a(Disrud 1968; Kantrud et al. 1989) indicate surface water measurements
in wetlands where the species reached peak abundance; Asterisk ranges (ibid)
are for instances where the species occurred in waters of greater or lesser
salinity than that recorded by Smeins b (1967).
bIndicates measurements <0.05 mS/cm.
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Species Water Regime Specific conductivity (mS/cm)a
Mean Min. Max.
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Equisetum fluviatile SE *0.3 -- --
Galium trifidum SA *0.3 -- --
Scutellaria galericulata SA *0.3 -- --
Impatiens biflora SA *0.4 -- --
Mimulus ringens SA *0.6 -- --
Eupatorium maculatum SA *0.7 -- --
Sagittaria cuneata SE *0.7 -- --
Glyceria striata SA *0.8 -- --
Ranunculus gmelini SA *0.8 -- --
Asclepias incarnata SA *0.8 *0.8 *0.9
Parnassia glauca SA *0.9 -- --
Glyceria borealis SE *1.0 -- --
Salix interior SA *0.4 *0.3 *1.7
Carex lacustris SA *1.4 0.9 1.7
Solidago graminifolia SA *0.8 *0.1 *2.1
Polygonum amphibium SE *0.6 *0.1 *2.2
Scirpus atrovirens SA 1.0 *0.5 2.2
Cicuta maculata SA 1.4 *0.5 2.2
Eriphorum angustifolium SA 1.8 *0.5 2.2
Carex rostrata SA 1.1 *0.2 2.6
Polygonum coccineum SE 1.3 Tr.b 3.4
Phalaris arundinacea SE 1.6 *0.1 3.8
Carex aquatilis SA 1.6 *0.3 3.8
Lysimachia thrysiflora SA 1.7 *0.5 3.8
Glyceria grandis SE 0.7 *Tr. *4.0
Sium suave SE 1.8 *0.1 *4.0
Scirpus heterochaetus SP 1.4 *0.1 4.2
Alopecurus aequalis SE 1.1 *0.1 4.5
Sparganium eurycarpum SE 1.8 *Tr. 4.6
Eleocharis acicularis SE 1.5 *0.1 5.8
Scirpus validus SP,SA 1.8 *0.2 6.2
Typha X glauca SP *0.8 *0.1 *6.6
Sagittaria cuneata SE 1.8 *0.1 *6.7
Scirpus fluviatilis SP 1.9 0.3 *6.7
Alisma gramineum SE *2.0 *0.3 *6.7
Carex atherodes SE 2.0 *Tr. *8.5
Ranunculus sceleratus SE 3.6 *0.1 8.5
Beckmannia syzigachne SE 1.5 *Tr. 9.5
Alisma plantago-aquatica SE 1.8 *Tr. 9.5
Ranunculus cymbalaria SE 3.5 *0.6 9.5
Scolochloa festucacea SE 3.4 *0.1 12.1
Phragmites australis SA 3.5 *0.5 *12.4
Typha latifolia SP,SA 2.1 *0.1 13.6
Typha angustifolia SP 3.4 *0.4 13.6
Eleocharis palustris SE 2.7 *0.1 *14.5
Scirpus nevadensis SE 15.7 12.0 *20.5
Scirpus acutus SP 4.3 *0.2 *24.0
Suaeda depressa SE 24.0 *5.0 *66.0
Scirpus americanus SE 4.9 *0.5 *70.0
Scirpus maritimus SP 10.3 *0.8 76.4
Puccinellia nuttalliana SE 20.0 *1.4 76.4
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a(Disrud 1968; Kantrud et al. 1989) indicate surface water measurements
in wetlands where the species reached peak abundance; asterisk ranges (ibid)
are for instances where the species occurred in waters of greater or lesser
salinity than that recorded by Smeins (1967). bIndicates measurements <0.05
mS/cm.
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Specific conductivity (mS/cm)a
Mean or single
Species measurement Min. Max.
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Myriophyllum pinnatum *0.1 -- --
Nuphar variegatum *0.4 -- --
Najas flexilis 0.4 -- --
Elodea canadensis *0.4 -- --
Potamogeton friesii 0.6 0.3 1.0
Myriophyllum verticillatum *1.1 -- --
Potamogeton gramineus 0.8 *0.1 1.2
Callitriche palustris *0.3 *0.1 *1.7
Hippuris vulgaris *0.7 *0.5 *2.3
Callitriche hermaphroditica 1.2 *0.5 2.5
Ranunculus flabellaris 2.0 *0.4 2.5
Potamogeton zosteriformis 1.0 0.3 2.8
Spirodela polyrhiza 1.5 0.6 3.0
Ricciocarpus natans 2.2 *0.3 3.2
Drepanocladus spp. 1.2 *0.1 *3.3
Potamogeton vaginatus 3.3 -- --
Potamogeton richardsonii 1.7 *0.3 *4.0
Ranunculus subrigidus 1.4 *0.2 4.5
Riccia fluitans 2.1 *0.1 4.7
Ceratophyllum demersum 2.1 *0.1 5.1
Potamogeton pusillus 2.1 *0.1 *6.7
Myriophyllum spicatum 2.2 *0.2 *6.7
Utricularia vulgaris 2.7 *0.1 8.1
Lemna minor 3.1 *0.1 10.9
Lemna trisulca 3.2 *0.1 13.9
Ruppia maritima var. occidentalis *4.1 *0.6 *14.2
Zannichellia palustris 4.8 *0.3 *25.0
Chara spp. 2.2 0.3 *42.0
Potamogeton pectinatus 6.5 *0.4 *60.0
Ruppia maritima var. rostrata *36.1 *5.5 *66.0
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a(Disrud 1968; Kantrud et surface water measurements in wetlands
where peak abundance; asterisk ranges (ibid) are for instances where the species
occurred in waters of greater or lesser salinity than that recorded by Smeins
(1967).
U.S. Department of the Interior |
U.S. Geological Survey
URL: http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/wetlands/basinwet/appendc.htm
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Page Last Modified: Saturday, 02-Feb-2013 06:55:29 EST
Menlo Park, CA [caww54]