Aquatic and Wetland Vascular Plants of the Northern Great Plains
48. Rubiaceae, the Madder Family
1. Galium L. -- Bedstraw3. Galium trifidum L. -- Small bedstraw
Stems 2-6 dm long, freely branching, retrorsely scaberulous on the angles. Leaves in whorls of 4-6, mostly spreading, linear to narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 5-20 mm long, 1-3.5 mm wide, often scaberulous on the margin and on the midrib of the underside, blunt-tipped, narrowed to the base. Inflorescences usually many, axillary and terminal, 1- to 3-flowered. Corolla lobes 3, ca. 0.5 mm long, obtuse. Fruit segments black, 1-2 mm in diameter. Jun--Aug. Springs, seepage areas, shores, stream banks and swampy or boggy places, where water is fresh; frequent, n, c and e ND; nc, ne and sw SD; throughout NE; (Circumpolar, in N.Amer. s to GA, OK, CA and into Mex.).
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