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Bluemle, J.P. 1977. The face of North Dakota. The geologic story. N.D. Geol. 
     Surv. Edu. Ser. 11.
     
Budd, A.C., and J.B. Campbell. 1959. Flowering sequence of a local flora. J.
     Range Manage. 12:127-132.
     
Criddle, N. 1927. A calendar of flowers. Can. Field-Nat. 41:48-55.

Daubenmire, R.F. 1959. Plants and environment. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New 
     York.

Garner, W.W. 1933. Comparative responses of long-day and short-day plants to 
     relative length of day and night. Plant Physiol. 8:347-356.

Godfread, C.S. 1976. Vascular flora of Barnes and Stutsman Counties, North 
     Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. North Dakota State University, Fargo. 
   
Manske, L.L. 1980. Habitat, phenology, and growth of selected sandhills range
     plants. Ph.D. Thesis. North Dakota State University, Fargo. 
  
McMillan, C. 1957. Nature of the plant community. III. Flowering behavior 
     within two grassland communities under reciprocal transplanting. Am. J. 
     Bot. 44:144-153.
   
Mueggler, W.F. 1972. Plant development and yield on mountain grasslands in 
     southwestern Montana. U.S. Dep. Agric. Res. Pap. INT-124.
     
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1979. Climatological data 
     annual summary: North Dakota. 88:13. National Climatic Center, Asheville, 
     NC.
  
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1980. Climatological data 
     annual summary: North Dakota. 89:13. National Climatic Center, Asheville,
     NC. 
     
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1981. Climatological data 
     annual summary: North Dakota. 90:13. National Climatic Center, Asheville,
     NC. 
     
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1982. Climatological data 
     annual summary: North Dakota. 91:13. National Climatic Center, Asheville,
     NC. 
     
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1983. Climatological data 
     annual summary: North Dakota. 92:13. National Climatic Center, Asheville,
     NC. 

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1984. Climatological data 
     annual summary: North Dakota. 93:13. National Climatic Center, Asheville,
     NC. 
     
Noggle, G.R., and G.J. Fritz. 1976. Introductory plant physiology. Prentice-
     Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
   
North Dakota Agricultural Statistics Service. 1988. North Dakota Agricultural
     Statistics 1988. North Dakota State University and U.S. Department of 
     Agriculture, Fargo.
     
Roberts, R. M. 1939. Further studies of the effects of temperature and other
     environmental factors upon the photoperiodic responses of plants. J. 
     Agric. Res.59:699-709.
     
Seiler, G. 1973. Vascular flora of Richland, Ransom and Sargent Counties, North 
     Dakota. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State University, Fargo.
     
Stevens, O.A. 1921. Plants of Fargo, North Dakota, with dates of flowering. Am.
     Midl. Nat. 7:54-100.

Stevens, O.A. 1956. Flowering dates of weeds in North Dakota. N.D. Agric. Exp.
     Stn. Bimonthly Bull. 18:209-213.
     
Stevens, O.A. 1972. First flowers of trees, shrubs and vines in the Fargo, 
     North Dakota area. Prairie Nat. 4:3-6.
     
Stevens, O.A. 1973. Dates of first flowers. Prairie Nat. 5:1-6. 

Whitman, W.C., and M.K. Wali. 1975. Grasslands of North Dakota. Pp. 53-73 in
     Prairie: A multiple view. (M.K. Wali, ed.) University of North Dakota 
     Press, Grand Forks.
     
Willenbring, R.E. 1971. The vascular flora of Pembina County, North Dakota. 
     M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State University, Fargo.