Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
| 1. | Ferns or horsetails, reproducing by spores, not seeds | Group 1 |
| 1. | Plants reproducing by flowers and seeds | Go To 2 |
| 2. | Plants woody, either trees, shrubs, or vines | Go To 3 |
| 2. | Plants herbaceous; stems not woody | Go To 4 |
| 3. | Trees and Shrubs | Group 5 |
| 3. | Woody vines | Group 9 |
| 4. | Monocots; leaves usually with parallel veins; flower parts usually in 3's or multiples of 3's | Go To 5 |
| 4. | Dicots; leaves usually with net veins; flower parts usually in 4's or 5's or multiples thereof | Go To 7 |
| 5. | Flowers without sepals and petals, each flower subtended by a scale, with all the flowers arranged in spikelets | Go To 6 |
| 5. | Flowers with sepals and petals (green or brown in Juncus), or borne on a spadix, but not arranged in spikelets | Group 4 |
| 6. | At least one or more scales at the base of each spikelet not subtending a flower; stems never triangular | Group 2 |
| 6. | All the scales of a spikelet subtending a flower; stems sometimes triangular | Group 3 |
| 7. | At least some of the leaves compound; that is, divided into distinct leaflets | Group 6 |
| 7. | None of the leaves compound | Group 8 |
| 8. | Most or all the leaves opposite or whorled | Group 7 |
| 8. | Most or all the leaves alternate and/or basal | Group 8 |