The Alkali (Scirpus Maritimus L.) and Saltmarsh (S. Robustus Pursh) Bulrushes: A Literature Review

Appendix A Continued-1

Appendix A. Co-occurrences of Scirpus maritimus s. lat. with other emergent vascular plants.

REFERENCE a,b (NO. OF SPECIES)

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 5 24 25 26 15 27 20 28 4 29 30 32 32

(10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (9) (9) (9) (9) (9) (8) (8) (8) (8) (8) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (6)

Scirpus maritimus X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Phragmites australis X X X X X

Triglochin maritima X X X X X X X

Eleocharis palustris X X X

Typha latifolia X X X

Scirpus acutus X X

Atriplex patula X X X

Scirpus pungens X X X

Hordeum jubatum X X X

Aeluropus littoralis X X

Aster tripolium X

Distichlis spicata (7) X X X X X

Glaux maritima X X

Juncus gerardii X X

Scirpus validus X X X

Plantago maritima X X

Juncus maritimus X X

Ranunculus sceleratus X

Carex lyngbyei (5) X X X X

Polygonum lapathifolium X X

Rumex maritimus X

Scirpus lacustris X X

Suaeda depressa X X

Typha angustifolia X

Phalaris arundinacea X X

Puccinellia maritima X X

Apium graveolens X

Aster brachyactis X

Chenopodium rubrum X

Echinochloa crusgalli X

Potentilla pacifica (3) X X X

Sonchus asper X

Potentilla reptans X

Agrostis stolonifera (2) X

Carex palacea X

Carex gracilis (2) X

Carex riparia (2) X

Cressa cretica X

Cyperus distachyos X

Deschampsia cespitosa (2) X X

Eleocharis acicularis X

Equisetum palustre (2) X

Festuca rubra X

Hippuris tetraphylla (2) X

Juncus articulatus X

Limonium spp. X

Lycopus europaeus X

Lythrum salicaria (2) X

Polygonum ramosissimum (2) X X

Polypogon monspeliensis X

Puccinellia palustris (2) X

Ranunculus flammula X

Schoenus nigricans X

Scirpus littoralis X

Sparganium erectum (2) X

Spergularia sp. X

Spergularia marginata X

Typha domingensis (2) X X

Agrostis alba X

Agropyron pungens (1) X

Agrostis exarata (1) X

Agrostis palustris (1) X

Agrostis semiverticillata X

Agrostis stolonifera X

Allium vineale (1) X

Armeria sp. (1) X

Arthrocnemum fruticosum (1) X

Asparagus acutifolius (1) X

Aster sp. (1) X

Astragalus glycyphyllos (1) X

Atriplex argentea (1) X

Atriplex latifolia (1) X

Baldellia ranunculoides (1) X

Carex extensa (1) X

Carex nigra (1) X

Carex pluriflora (1) X

Carex pseudocyperus (1) X

Chenopodium glaucum (1) X

Chenopodium murale (1) X

Cochlearia officinalis (1) X

Echinochloa glabrescens (1) X

Eleocharis sp. (1) X

Elymus triticoides (1) X

Festuca arundinacea (1) X

Galium palustre (1) X

Glyceria maxima (1) X

Halimione portulacoides (1) X

Heliotropium curassavicum X

Hydrocotyle vulgaris (1) X

Imperata cylindrica (1) X

Ipomoea triloba (1) X

Juncus littoralis (1) X

Juncus textilis (1) X

Kochia scoparia (1) X

Leptochloa fascicularis (1) X

Lilaeopsis occidentalis (1) X

Limonium serotinum (1) X

Macroptilium lathyroides (1) X

Monochoria vaginalis (1) X

Oenanthe aquatica (1) X

Oryza sativa (1) X

Osmorhiza occidentalis (1) X

Panicum capillare (1) X

Paspalum distichum (1) X

Paspalum vaginatum (1) X

Plantago sp. (1) X

Poa arida (1) X

Polygonum kitaibelianum (1) X

Polypogon viridis (1) X

Puccinellia sp. (1) X

Salicornia virginica (1) X

Scirpus californicus (1) X

Scirpus cernuus (1) X

Silene inflata (1) X

Sonchus maritimus (1) X

Spartina maritima (1) X

Spergularia diandra (1) X

Suaeda baccatax (1) X

Veronica scutellata (1) X

Zea mays (1) X

^aReferences: (1) Handoo and Kaul 1982; (2) Molinier and Tallon 1974, cited in Podlejski 1981; (3) Kim 1971; (4) Reinink and van der Toorn 1975; (5) Chapman 1974; (6) Riley and McKay 1980; (7) Klavestad 1957; (8) Walker and Coupland 1970; (9) Metcalf 1931; (10) Walker 1965; (11) Korelyakova 1971; (12) Barker and Fulton 1979; (13) Wright et al. 1949; (14) Ranwell 1961; (15) Forbes 1972, cited in Hoos and Packman 1974; (16) Frenkel and Boss 1988; ;(17) Stewart and Kantrud 1971; (18) Krahulec et al. 1987; (19) Vevle 1985; (20) Ferrari et al. 1985; (21) Ungar 1965; (22) Hutchinson 1982; (23) Waters and Ferry 1989; (24) Diaz and Fernandez 1989; (25) Bernasor and DeDatta 1986; (26) Schuler 1987; (27) Rees 1935, cited in Chapman 1974; (28) Ferren 1985; (29) Ungar 1967; (30) Grillas and Duncan 1986; (31) Jerling 1983; (32) Vince and Snow 1984; (33) Britton and Podlejski 1981; (34) Hammer et al. 1975; (35) Krahulec et al. 1980; (36) Bassett 1978; (37) Jensen 1940, cited in Craner 1964; (38) Hejny and Husak 1978; (39) Congdon 1981; (40) Bolen 1964; (41) Robel 1961; (42) Van Noordwijk-Puijk et al. 1979; (43) Moody 1978; (44) Ewing and Kershaw 1986; (45) Shay and Shay 1986; (46) Jepsen 1970; (47) Smeins 1965; (48) Ungar et al. 1969; (49) Glooshenko and Martini 1987; (50) Kollman and Wali 1976; (51) Coetzer 1987; (52) Martini et al. 1979; (53) Daborn 1975; (54) Millard and Scott 1953; (55) Kadlec and Smith 1984; (56) Dahl and Hadac 1941, cited in Chapman 1974; ;(57) Ewing 1986; (58) Jacobson and Jacobson 1989; (59) Fiala and Kvet 1971; (60) Duncan and D'Herbes 1982; (61) Olson 1979; (62) Price et al. 1988; (63) Shubert 1982; (64) Hyer 1963.

^bSame references indicate different study areas or community types; transect data used only in cases where single vegetative zones were sampled and when no obvious elevational gradients were present; lists taken from some community types are from sample plots where S. maritimus had highest frequency or cover values. Except for a few common North American species, e.g. Phragmites australis (synonym= P. communis), no attempt has been made to eliminate synonyms.