Trends and Management of Wolf-Livestock Conflicts in Minnesota

Fig. 6. Spatial distribution of verified wolf depredations (black dots) on livestock in Minnesota: a 1975-80, b 1981-86, and c 1987-89; d convex polygons connecting outer depredation sites and geometric centers of sites for the different periods. Areas A, B, C, and D in Fig. 6b indicate areas of increase since 1975-80. The border between Wolf Management Zones 4 and 5 are shown for reference in Figs. 6a, 6b, and 6c. Data from 1987 to 1989 are discussed in the Epilogue.