We thank the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) and D. R. Diefenbach,
Pennsylvania Game Commission, for providing survey data. In Minnesota, survey
cooperators included the MDNR Wildlife Division; MDNR St. Croix State Park;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wildlife Refuges and Wetland Management
Districts; the Cass and Beltrami County Land Departments; the Fond du Lac, White
Earth, and Leech Lake Indian Reservations; the 1854 Treaty Authority; the University
of Minnesota Itasca Biological Station; and Chippewa and Superior national forests.
Survey efforts were coordinated by W. E. Berg. W. Snow assisted with data entry.
H. T. Sklebar assisted with Geographic Information System hardware and software.
T. L. Shaffer, E. V. Nordheim, and W. E. Newton offered statistical advice.
Review comments of R. J. Greenwood, A. B. Sargeant, M. A. Sovada, B. S. Yandell,
and an anonymous reviewer improved early drafts of this manuscript; we are especially
grateful to D. R. Diefenbach and W. P. Smith for reviewing and improving our
treatment of their work. We thank R. A. Garrott and R. L. Ruff for administrative
support and helpful discussion. Funding for analyses and manuscript preparation
was provided by the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center and the Wisconsin
Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit of the Biological Resources Division, U.S.
Geological Survey, and by the Graduate School, Department of Wildlife Ecology,
and College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
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