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Allen, T.F.H., and T.W. Hoekstra. 1992. Toward a unified ecology. Columbia 
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Allison, P.D. 1995. Survival analysis using the SAS system: a practical guide. 
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Derocher, A.E., and M.K. Taylor. 1994. Density-dependent population regulation 
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Doan-Crider, D.L., and E.C. Hellgren. 1996. Population characteristics and 
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Fowler, C.W. 1981a. Comparative population dynamics of large mammals. Pages
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Garshelis, D.L. 1994. Density-dependent population regulation of black bears. 
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Kemp, G.A. 1972. Black bear population dynamics at Cold Lake, Alberta, 1968-
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_____. 1976. The dynamics and regulation of black bear Ursus americanus
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Lebreton, J.D., K.P. Burnham, J. Clobert, and D.R. Anderson. 1992. Modeling 
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LeCount, A.L. 1993. Intrinsic population regulation among black bears. Pages 
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McClellan, B.N. 1993. A summary of the discussion on the natural regulation of 
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McCullough, D.R. 1981. Population dynamics of the Yellowstone grizzly bear. 
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Meslow, E.C., and L.B. Keith. 1968. Demographic parameters of a snowshoe hare
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Miller, S.D. 1990a. Impact of increased bear hunting on survivorship of young
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Murdoch, W.W., and S.J. Walde. 1989. Analysis of insect population dynamics. 
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Murray, B.G. 1994. On density-dependence. Oikos 69:520-523.

Pelchat, B.O., and R.L. Ruff. 1986. Habitat and spatial relationships of black 
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Pollard, E., and K.H. Lakhani. 1987. The detection of density-dependence from a
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Pollock, K.H., J.D. Nichols, C. Brownie, and J.E. Hines. 1990. Statistical 
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_____, S.R. Winterstein, C.M. Bunck, and P.D. Curtis. 1989. Survival analysis
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Powell, R.A. 1987. Black bear home range overlap in North Carolina and the  
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Reynolds, D.G., and J.J. Beecham. 1980. Home range activities and reproduction
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Rogers, L.L. 1987. Factors influencing dispersal in the black bear. Pages 75-84
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Shenk, T.M., G.C. White, and K.P. Burnham. 1998. Sampling-variance effects on
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Sokal, R.R., and F.J. Rohlf. 1981. Biometry. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York, 
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Strong, D.R. 1986. Density-vague population change. Trends in Ecology and 
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Taylor, M., editor. 1994. Density-dependent population regulation in black, 
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Tietje, W.D., and R.L. Ruff. 1980. Denning behavior of black bears in boreal 
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_____, and _____. 1983. Responses of black bears to oil development in Alberta.
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Turchin, P. 1995. Population regulation: old arguments and a new synthesis. 
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White, G.C., D.R. Anderson, K.P. Burnham, and D.L. Otis. 1982. Capture-
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Willey, C.H. 1974. Aging black bears from first premolar tooth sections. 
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Young, B.F., and R.L. Ruff. 1982. Population dynamics and movements of black
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