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Human Disturbances to Waterfowl

Annotated Bibliography

173. Roberts, E. L. 1966. Movements and flock behavior of barnacle geese on the Solway Firth. Annual Report, The Wildfowl Trust 17:36-45.

Barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) react most often to passing aircraft, moderately often to man, and least often to other birds and farm stock. Barnacle geese spend most of the day in feeding. Close observation of wintering flocks at Caerlaverock one complete winter season resulted in 203 witnessed disturbances of the flock: 33 by man on the ground (16.2%), 71 by aircraft (35%), 15 by other birds (7.3%), 3 by farm stock (1.5%), and 81 cause unknown (40%).

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