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Human Disturbances to Waterfowl

Annotated Bibliography

161. Paulus, S. L. 1984. Activity budgets of nonbreeding gadwalls in Louisiana. Journal of Wildlife Management 48:371-380.

Gadwalls (Anas strepera) were rarely seen to leave feeding areas during day or night except when disturbed or during hunting season. Hunting pressure in marshes surrounding Rockefeller Refuge forced many gadwalls to leave these marshes during the day and use impounded marshes on the refuge.

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