Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
This article is a response to Strang's questioning (see paper 182) of parasitic jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus) predation induced by the observer. MacInnes defended his position and suggested that predator density at Strang's study area may have been less, and he agreed that further work needed to be done to define observer-induced losses of waterfowl nests. See Strang in the same volume on the pages immediately preceding this article (Journal of Wildlife Management 44:220-222), which is referenced herein.