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Human Disturbances to Waterfowl

Annotated Bibliography


79. Gilbert, B. 1977. Uncle Sam says SCRAM! Audubon 79:42-55.

The general objective was to make the Horicon National Wildlife Refuges less attractive to Canada geese (Branta canadensis). To accomplish this, acreage previously used for growing goose food was reduced, and a plan was devised to harass, haze, and frighten Canada geese away from Horicon as they arrived in late fall. In summer, an aircraft, an airboat, gas-powered exploders, assorted firecrackers, rockets, and scarecrow-type devices were assembled. In 1965 the peak Canada goose population at Horicon was estimated at 120,000 birds. In November 1966 after hazing, peak population was 150,000. The Fish and Wildlife Service later began making specific plans to again harass Horicon Canada geese to reduce the peak fall population of Canada geese at Horicon from 200,000 to 100,000 by 1980.


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