Human Disturbances to Waterfowl
Annotated Bibliography
Approximately 750 tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus) resting on the Wisconsin side of Pool 5 in the Spring Lake area of the Mississippi River left the water surface and departed the area in a downstream direction due to the upstream passage of a tow [barge]. In another instance, approximately 2,500 tundra swans located in the Weaver Bottoms between Swan and Mallard Islands and Minnesota 14 were disturbed by two small boats; all birds observable left the Weaver Bottoms, formed into V's and departed downstream.
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