Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Bibliography for Aquatic Plants


Aarssen, L.W. and D.L. Irwin. 1991. What selection: herbivory or 
     competition. Oikos 60: 261-262.
 
Abdel-Rahman, F. H., and A. R. Maggenti.  1981a.  The embryology 
     and post-infection development of a new species of
     Meloidogyne.  J. Nematol. 13:429 (abstr.).
 
Abdel-Rahman, F. H., and A. R. Maggenti.  1981b.  Morphological 
     and biological studies on two new species of nematodes found
     associated with sedge roots in California.  J. Nematol.
     13:429-430 (abstr.).
 
Abdel-Rahman, F. H., and A. R. Maggenti.  1987a.  Hirschmanniella
     pomponiensis n. sp. (Nemata: Pratylenchidae) parasitic on
     bulrush, Scirpus robustus Pursh.  J. Nematol. 19:147-151.
 
Abdel-Rahman, F. H., and A. R. Maggenti.  1987b.  Meloidogine 
     californiensis n. sp. (Nemata: Meloidogyninae), parasitic on
     bulrush, Scirpus robustus Pursh.  J. Nematol. 19:207-217.
 
Aedo, C., and Fernandez Casado, M. A.  1988.  The taxonomic 
     position of Ruppia populations along the Cantabrian coast. 
     Aquat. Bot. 32:187-192.
 
Adam, P.  1981.  The vegetation of British saltmarshes.  New 
     Phytol. 96:143-196.
 
Adams, F. S., H. Cole Jr., and L. B. Massie.  1973.  Elemental
     constitution of selected aquatic vascular plants from
     Pennsylvania: Submersed and floating leaved species and
     rooted emergent species.  Environ.  Pollut. 5:117-147.
 
Adams, M. S., J. Titus, and M. McCracken.  l974.  Depth
     distribution of photosynthetic activity in a Myricophyllus
     spicatum community in Lake Wingra.  Limnol.  Oceanogr.
     19:377-389. 
 
Adams, M. S., P. Guilizzoni, and S. Adams.  1978.  Relationship 
     of dissolved inorganic carbon to macrophyte photosynthesis
     in some Italian lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 23:912-919. 
 
Adams, T. G., G. J. Atchison, and R. J. Vetter.  1980.  The 
     impact of an industrially contaminated lake on heavy metal
     levels in its effluent stream.  Hydrobiologia 69:187-193. 
 
Addy, C. E.  1946.  Food habits of the black duck on the Essex
     County salt marsh.  Bull. Mass. Audubon Soc. 30(1):3-10.
 
Adriano, D. C., A. Fulenwider, R. R. Sharitz, T. G. Ciravolo, and
     G. D. Hoyt.  1980.  Growth and mineral nutrition of cattail
     (Typha) as influenced by thermal alteration.  J. Environ. 
     Quality, 9:649-653. 
 
Afton, A. D., R. H. Hier, and S. L. Paulus.  1986.  Body weights,
     carcass composition, and foods of lesser scaup during mid-
     winter in southwestern Louisiana.  Minn. Dep. Nat. Resour.,
     Bemidji. 9 pp.
 
Agami, M., and Y. Waisel.  1988.  The role of fish in
     distribution and germination of seeds of the submerged
     macrophytes Najas marina L. and Ruppia maritima L. 
     Oecologia 76:83-88.
 
Aiken, S., and J. M. Gillett.  1974.  The distribution of aquatic
     plants in selected lakes of Gatineau Park, Quebec.  Can.
     Field-Nat. 88:437-448. 
 
Ailstock, M. S. 1989.  Utilization and treatment of thermal 
     discharge by establishment of a wetlands plant nursery.  pp.
     719-726 in  D. A. Hammer ed.  Constructed wetlands for
     wastewater treatment.  Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, Michigan. 
     831 pp.
 
Aleem, A. A., and Samaas, A. A.  1969.  Productivity of Lake 
     Mariut. Egypt.  Part I - Physical and Chemical aspects.-
     Intern. Rev. gesamt. Hydrobiol. 54. 3:313-355.
 
Aleem, A. A., and Samaan, A. A.  1969.  Productivity of Lake 
     Mariut, Egypt. Part II, Primary production.  Internat.  Rev.
     Ges. Hydrobiol. 54:491-527. 
 
Alisauskas, R. T., C. D. Ankney, and E. E. Klaas.  1988.  Winter 
     diets and nutrition of the midcontinental population of
     lesser snow geese.  J. Wildl. Manage. 52:403-414.
 
Allanson, B. R., and C. Howard-Williams.  1984.  A contribution 
     to the physico-chemical limnology of Swartvlei.  Arch. 
     Hydrobiol. 99:133-159. 
 
Allen, E. D., and P. R. Gorham.  1973.  Changes in the submerged
     macrophyte communities of Lake Wabamun as a rsult of thermal
     discharge.  pp 313-324 in Proc. Symp. Lakes Western Canada,
     Nov. 16-17, 1972.  Univ. of Alberta, Water Resour. Cert.,
     Edmonton.
 
Allen, H. L.  1971.  Primary productivity, cemo-organo trophy, 
     and nutritional interactions of epiphytic algae and bacteria
     on macrophytes in the littoral of a lake.  Ecol. Monogr.
     41:97-127. 
 
Allen, R. G., J. H. Prueger, and R. W. Hill.  1992.
     Evapotranspiration from isolated stands of hydrophytes:
     Cattail and bulrush.  Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 35:1191-
     1198.
 
Allen, R. P.  1956.  The flamingoes: their life history and
     survival, with special reference to the American or West
     Indian flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber).  National Audubon
     Society, New York.  285 pp. 
 
Allenby, K. G.  1968.  Some analyses of aquatic plants and water.
     Hydrobiol. 32:486-490. 
 
Allison, S. K. 1992.  The influence of rainfall variability on 
     the species composition of a northern California salt marsh
     plant assemblage.  Vegetatio 101:145-160.
 
Almestrand, A.  1951.  Studies on the vegetation and
     hydrochemistry of Scanian lakes.  II. Ion determinations in
     lake waters.  Bot. Notiser, 2(3) (suppl.) 143-174. 
 
Ampong-Nyarko, K., and S. K. De Datta.  1991.  A handbook for 
     weed control in rice.  International Rice Research
     Institute, Manila.  113 pp. 
 
Andersen, F. O.  l976.  Primary production in a shallow water 
     lake with special reference to a reed swamp.  Oikos 
     27:243-250. 
 
Anderson, B. W., and R. D. Ohmart.  1988.  Structure of the 
     winter duck community on the lower Colorado River: patterns
     and processes.  Pp 191-236 in M. W. Weller, ed.  Waterfowl
     in winter.  Iniv. of Minnesota press, Minneapolis.  624 pp.
 
Anderson, C. M.  1977.  Cattail decline of Farmington Bay
     waterfowl management area.  Great Basin Nat. 37:24-34. 
 
Anderson, G. C.  1958.  Seasonal characteristics of two saline
 
Anderson, G. C.  1958.  Some limnological features of a shallow
     saline meromictic lake.  Limnol.  Oceanogr. 3:259-270. 
 
Anderson, H. G.  1959.  Food habits of migratory ducks in
     Illinois. Bul. Ill. Nat. Hist. Surv. 27, Art. 4:289-344.
 
Anderson, J. M.  1950.  Some aquatic vegetation changes following
     fish removal.  J. Wildl.  Manage. 14:206-209. 
 
Anderson, L. W. J.  1981.  Effect of light on the phytotoxicity 
     of fluridone American pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus) and
     sago pondweed (P. pectinatus). Weed Sci. 29:723-728. 
 
Anderson, L. W. J., and N. Dechoretz.  1988.  Bensulfuron methyl: 
     A new aquatic herbicide.  Pp. 224-235 in (See Gersinger,
     1988).
 
Anderson, M. G.  1978.  Distribution and production of sago
     pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus L.) on a northern prairie
     marsh.  Ecol. 59:154-160. 
 
Anderson, M. G., and J. B. Low.  1976.  Use of sago pondweed by
     waterfowl on Delta Marsh.  Manitoba.  J. Wildl.  Manage.
     40:233-242. 
 
Anderson, M. G., and R. E. Jones.  1976.  Submerged aquatic 
     vascular plants of East Delta Marsh, Manitoba.  Manitoba
     Dep. Renewable Resour.  Transp. Serv.  Wildl.  Rep. 120 pp. 
 
Anderson, R. C., A. E. Liberta, and L. A. Dickman.  1984. 
     Interaction of vascular plants and vesiculer-arbuscular
     mycorrhizel fungi across a soil moisture-nutrient gradient. 
     Oecologia 64:111-117. 
 
Anderson, R. R.  1966.  Plant ecology of the upper Patuxent River
     estuary with special reference to the effect of thermal
     pollution on macrophytes. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Maryland,
     College Park.  99pp. 
 
Anderson, R. R.  1969.  Temperature and rooted aquatic plants. 
     Chesapeake Sci. 10:157-164. 
 
Anderson, R. R. 1972.  Submerged vascular plants of the
     Chesapeake Bay and tributaries.  Chesapeake Sci. 13(suppl.):
     S87-S89. 
 
Anderson, R. R., R. G. Brown, and R. D. Rappleye.  1968.  Water
     quality and plant distribution along the upper Patuxent
     River, Maryland.  Chesapeake Sci. 9:145-156. 
 
Andrews, J. D., and A. D. Hasler.  1943.  Fluctuations in the 
     animal populations of the littoral zone in Lake Mendota. 
     Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci., Arts and Letters. 35:175-185. 
 
Andrikovics, S.  1973.  Hydro-ecological and zoological
     examinations in the pondweed fields of Lake Ferto. 
     Alliattani Kozicm enysk 60:39-50. (English summary). 
 
Ankar, S., and R. Elmgren.  1977.  The Ruppia subsystem.  In:  
     B-O. Jansson and F. Wulff (Editors), Ecosystem analysis of a
     Shallow Sound in the Northern Baltic - a Joint Study by the
     Asko Group.  Contributions from the Asko Laboratory, Univ.
     Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 64-71. 
 
Apfelbaum, S. I.  1985.  Cattail (Typha spp.) management. Nat.
     Areas J. 5(3):9-17.
 
Apfelbaum, S. I., and A. Haney.  1981.  Bird populations before 
     and after wildfire in a Great Lakes Pine Forest.  Condor
     83:347-354.
 
Arber, A.  1920.  Water plants, a study of aquatic angiosperms.
     Cambridge Univ.  Press, England. 436 pp. 
 
Armstrong, R., and D. W. Anderson.  1966.  Primary productivity
     measurements at Devils Lake, North Dakota.  Proc.  N.D.
     Acad.  Sci. 20:136-149. 
 
Arnold, A.  1955.  Die Bedeutung der Chlorionen fur die Pflanze. 
     Bot. Stud. 2. Jena.
 
Arthur, S. C. 1931.  The fur animals of Louisiana.  Louisiana 
     Dep. Cons.  Bull. 18 (rev.).  
 
Ascherson, P., and P. Grabener.  l907.  Potamogetonaceae Das
     Pflanzenreich. 4:133. 
 
Attaway, D. H., P. L. Parker, and J. A. Mears.  1970.  Normal
     alkanes of five coastal spermatophytes.  Contr. Mar. Sci.
     15:13-19. 
 
Attaway, D. H., P. Haug, and P. L. Parker.  1971.  Sterols in 
     five coastal spermatophytes.  Lipids 6:687-691. 
 
Atwater, B. F., and C. W. Hedel.  1976.  Distribution of seed 
     plants with respect to tide levels and water salinity in the
     natural tidal marshes of the northern San Francisco Bay
     estuary, California.  U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep.
     76-389.  41 pp.
 
Auclair, A. N., A. Bouchard, and J. Pajaczkowski.  1973.  Plant
     composition and species relations on the Huntingdon marsh,
     Quebec. Canadian Journal of Botany 51:1231-1247. 
 
Auclair, A. N., A. Bouchard, and J. Pajaczkowski.  1976a.  Plant
     standing crop and productivity relations in a Scirpus-
     Equisetum wetland.  Ecology 57:941-952. 
 
Auclair, A. N., A. Bouchard, and J. Pajaczkowski.  1976b. 
     Productivity relations in a Carex-dominated ecosystem.
     Oecologia 26:9-31. 
 
Austin, H., and S. Austin.  1971.  The feeding habits of some
     juvenile marine fishes from the mangroves in western Puerto
     Rico.  Caribb. J. Sci.  11:171-178. 
 
Axell, H. E. 1982.  Control of reeds (Phragmites communis) at 
     Minsmere, England.  pp. 44-50 in D. A. Scott, ed. Technical
     meeting on western palearctic migratory bird management. 
     Managing wetlands and their birds.  IWRB, Slimbridge,
     England.
 
Azcon-Bieto, A., J. Murillo, and J. Penuelas.  1987.  Cyanide-
     resistant respiration in photosynthetic organs of freshwater
     aquatic plants.  Plant Physiol. 84:701-706.
 
Baden, J., III., W. T. Batson, and R. Stalter.  1975.  Factors 
     affecting the distribution of vegetation of abandoned
     ricefields, Georgetown Co., South Carolina.  Castanea
     40:171-184.
 
Badger, K. S., and I. A. Ungar.  1990.  Effects of soil salinity 
     on growth and ion content of the inland halophyte hordeum
     jubatum.  Bot. Gaz. 151:314-321. (another by same authors
     1991 gives life history and is also in reprint files.)
 
Bailey, R. O., and R. D. Titman.  l984.  Habitat use and feeding
     ecology of postbreeding redheads.  J. Wildl.  Manage.
     48:1144-1155. 
 
Bakker, J. P. 1978.  Changes in a salt marsh vegetation as a 
     result of grazing and mowing, a five year study of permanent
     plots.  Vegetatio 38:77-87.
 
Bakker, J.P. 1985. The impact of grazing on plant communities, 
     plant populations, and soil conditions on saltmarshes.
     Vegetatio 63: 39~-398.
 
Bakker, J. P., and J. V. Ruyter.  1981.  Effects of five years of
     grazing on a salt-marsh vegetation.  Vegetatio 44:81-100. 
 
Bakker, J. P., M. Dijkstra, and P. T. Russchen.  1985. 
     Dispersal, germination and early establishment of halophytes
     and glycophytes on a grazed and abandoned salt-marsh
     gradient.  New Phytol. 101:291-308.
 
Baldwin, W. P.  1967.  Impoundments for waterfowl on South
     Atlantic and Gulf coastal marshes pp 127-133 in Proc. marsh
     and estuary manage. symp., Louisiana State Univ., Baton
     Rouge. 
 
Ball, J. P.  1985.  Marsh management by water level manipulation 
     on other natural techniques:  a community approach.  Pp.
     263-277 in H. Prince and F. M. D'Itri, eds.  Coastal
     Wetlands.  Lewis Publications, Chelsea, MI.  286 pp.
 
Ball, J., R. D. Bauer, K. Vermeer, and M. J. Rabenberg.  1989.  
     Northwest riverine and Pacific coast.  Pp 429-449 in  L. M.
     Smith, R. L. Pederson, and R. M. Kaminski, eds.  Habitat
     management for migrating and wintering waterfowl in North
     America.  Texas Tech. Univ. Press, Lubbock.  560 pp.
 
Barber, W. E., and N. R. Keven.  1973.  Ecological factors
     influencing macroinvertebrate standing crop distribution. 
     Hydrobiol. 43:53-75.
 
Barbour, M. G. 1978.  The effects of competition and salinity on 
     the growth of a salt marsh plant species.  Oecologia 37:93-
     99.
 
Barclay, A. M., and R. M. M. Crawford.  1982.  Plant growth and 
     survival under strict anaerobiosis.  J. Exp. Bot. 33:541-
     549.
 
Barclay, A. M., and R. M. M. Crawford.  1983.  The effect of
     anaerobiosis on carbohydrate levels in storage tissues of
     wetland plants.  Ann. Bot. 51:255-259. 
 
Bardwell, J. L., L. L. Glasgow, and E. A. Epps, Jr.  1965.
     Nutritional analyses of foods eaten by pintail and teal in
     south Louisiana.  Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game
     and Fish Comm. 16:209-217.
 
Barker, W. T., and G. E. Larson.  1976.  Aquatic plant
     communities.   p. 2.2C1-2.2C96 in:  Wildlife, biological and
     vegetation resources of the Dunn County coal gasification
     project study area.  An interim report.  Bot. and Zoo.
     Depts., NDSU, Fargo. 
 
Barker, W. T., and G. W. Fulton.  1979.  Analysis of wetland
     vegetation on selected areas in southwestern North Dakota. 
     N.D. Regional Environmental Assessment Program.  Rep. No.
     79-15.  North Dakota State University, Fargo. 132 pp. 
 
Barko, J. W., and R. M. Smart.  1981.  Sediment-based nutrition 
     of submersed macrophytes.  Aquat.  Bot. 10:339-352. 
 
Barko, J. W., R. M. Smart, C. R. Lee, M. C. Landin, T. C.
     Sturgis, and R. N. Gordon.  1977.  Establishment and growth
     of selected freshwater and coastal marsh plants in relation
     to characteristics of dredged sediments.  U. S. Army Corps
     of Engineers, Waterways Exp. Stn. Tech. Rep. D-77-2.  41 pp.
 
Barko, J. W., D. G. Hardin, and M. S. Mathews.  1982.  Growth and
     morphology of submersed freshwater macrophytes in relation
     to light and temperature.  Can. J. Bot. 60:877-887. 
 
Barko, J. W., R. M. Smart, M. S. Hennington, D. A. McFarland, and
     L. D. Ferguson.  1983.  Effects of organic amendments to
     sediment on freshwater macrophyte growth.  Tech. Rep.
     A-83-5, U.S. Army Engineer waterwasy.  Exp. Sta., CE,
     Vicksburg, Miss. 
 
Barko, J. W., M. S. Adams, and N. L. Clesceri.  1986. 
     Environmental factors and their consideration in the
     management of submersed aquatic vegetation:  a review.  
     J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 24:1-10.
 
Barko, J. W., and R. M. Smart.  1986.  Sediment-related
     mechanisms of growth limitation in submersed macrophytes. 
     Envir. Lab., Waterways Experiment Sta., Vicksburg,
     Mississippi.  Ecol. 67:1328-1340.
 
Barnes, R. S. K., A. E. Dorey, and C. Little.  1971.  An
     ecological study of a pool subject to varying salinity
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Barnett, L. B.  1964.  An ecological study of waterfowl habitat 
     at Powell's Slough.  Utah Lake.  M.S. Thesis, Brigham Young
     Univ., Provo. UT.  45 pp. 
 
Bartonek, J. C., and J. J. Hickey.  1969a.  Food habits of
     canvasbacks, redheads, and lesser scaup in Manitoba.  Condor
     71:280-290. 
 
Bartonek, J. C., and J. J. Hickey.  1969b.  Selective feeding by
     juvenile diving ducks in summer.  Auk. 86:443-457. 
 
Bassett, P. A.  1978.  The vegetation of a Camargue pasture.  J. 
     Ecol. 66:803-827.
 
Bassett, P. A.  1980.  Some effects of grazing on vegetation 
     dynamics in the Camargue, France.  Vegetatio 43:173-184. 
 
Batten, G. J. 1967.  Chemical control of weeds in drains.  N. Z. 
     J. Agric. 114:26-29.
 
Bauman, A. C.  1947.  2,4-D and some emergent aquatics.  Prog.
     Fish-Cult. 9:71-77. 
 
Bayly, I. A. E., and W. D. Williams.  1966.  Chemical and
     biological studies on some saline lakes of southeast
     Australia.  Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res., 17, 177-228. 
 
Bayly, I. L., and T. A. O'Neill.  1972.  Seasonal ionic
     fluctuations in Typha glauca community.  Ecol. 53:714-719.
 
Bazely, D.R. and R.L. Jefferies. 1985. Goose faeces: A source of 
     nitrogen for plant growth in a grazed marsh. Journal of
     Applied Ecology 22: 693-703.
 
Bazely, D.R. and R.L. Jefferies. 1986. Changes in composition and
     standing crop of saltmarsh communities in response to the
     removal of a grazer. Journal of Ecology 74: 693-706.
 
Beadle, L. C.  1943.  An ecological survey of some inland saline
     waters of Algeria.  J. Linn.  Soc. (Zool.) 41, 218-242.
 
Beadle, L. C., and E. M. Lind.  1960.  Research on the swamps of
     Uganda. Uganda J. 24:84-87. 
 
Beal, E. O. 1977.  A manual of marsh and aquatic vascular plants 
     of North Carolina with habitat data.  North Carolina Agric.
     Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull. 247.
 
Beal, E. O., A. W. Cooper, and D. A. Adams.  1962.  Factors 
     influencing vascular plant zonation in North Carolina
     saltmarshes.  Final Report Contract, Nonr 486 (09), N.C.
     State Col.  79 p.
 
Beam, J., and N. Gruenhagen.  1980.  Feeding ecology of pintails 
     (Anas acuta) wintering on the Los Banos Wildlife Area,
     Merced County, California.  California Game and Fish Dept.
     Job Progress Rep. W-40-D-1.  23 pp.
 
Beare, P. A., and J. B. Jedler.  1987.  Cattail invasion and
     persistence in a coastal salt marsh - the role of salinity
     reduction.  Estuaries 10(2):165-170.
 
Beckwith, S. L., and H. J. Hosford.  1956.  The Florida duck in 
     the vicinity of Lake Okeechobee, Glades County, Florida. 
     Proc. SE Assoc. Game Fish Comm. 9:188-201.
 
Bedford, B. 1977.  Seasonally displaced water temperatures as a
     factor affecting depletion of stored carbohydrates in Typha
     latifolia.  Pages 83-98 in C. B. Dewitt and E. Soloway
     (eds.), Wetlands, Institute for Environmental Studies, Univ.
     of Wisconsin--Madison.
 
Bedish, J. W.  1964.  Studies of the germination and growth of
     cattail in relation to marsh management.  M.S. Thesis, Iowa
     State Univ., Ames. 85 pp. 
 
Bedish, J. W.  1967.  Cattail moisture requirements and their
     significance to marsh management.  Am. Midl.  Nat.
     78:288-300. 
 
Bednarik, K.  1956.  Muskrat in Ohio Lake Erie marhes. Ohio Dept.
     Nat. Resour., Div. Wildl. 67pp.
 
Beeftink, W. G. 1966.  Vegetation and habitat of the salt marshes
     and beach plains in the southwestern part of the
     Netherlands.  Wentia 15:83-108.
 
Beeftink, W. G.  1977.  The coastal salt-marshes of western and 
     northern Europe: an ecological and phytosociological
     approach. pp. 109-155 in V.J. Chapman, ed.  Wet coastal
     ecosystems.  Elsevier, Amsterdam.  428 pp.
 
Beeftink, W. G. 1978.  Vegetation dynamics in salt marshes as a 
     conswequence of some traditional cultural practices of man. 
     Phytocoenosis 7:279-298.
 
Beeftink, W. G. 1985.  Vegetation study as a generator for
     population biological and physiological research on salt
     marshes.  Vegetatio 62:469-486.
 
Beetle, A. A. 1942.  Studies in the genus Scirpus L. IV.  The 
     section Bolboschoenus Palla.  Am. J. Bot. 29:82-88.
 
Bell, L. M., and R. J. Kallman.  1976a.  The Cowichan-Chemainus 
     River estuaries. Status of environmental knowlege to 1975. 
     Environment Canada Special Estuary Ser. No. 4.
 
Bell, L. M., and R. J. Kallman.  1976b.  The Nanaimo River
     estuary. Status of environmental knowlege to 1976. 
     Environment Canada Special Estuary Ser. No. 5. 1977. 
 
Bell, L. M., and J. M. Thompson.  1977.  The Campbell River 
     estuary. Status of environmental knowlege to 1977. 
     Environment Canada Special Estuary Ser. No. 7.
 
Bell, R.  1956.  Aquatic and marginal vegetation of strip mine
     waters in southern Illinois.  Transactions of Illinois
     Academy of Science 48:85-91. 
 
Bellrose, F. C. Jr.  l941.  Duck food plants of the Illinois 
     River Valley. Ill. Nat. Hist.  Survey Bull. 21:237-280. 
 
Bellrose, F. C. Jr., and H. G. Anderson.  1943.  Preferential
     rating of duck food plants.  Illinois Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull.
     22:417-433. 
 
Bellrose, F. C., and L. G. Brown.  1941.  The effect of
     fluctuating water levels on the muskrat population of the
     Illinois River Valley.  J. Wildl.  Manage. 5:206-212. 
 
Bellrose, F. C., F. L. Paveglio, Jr., and D. W. Steffeck.  1979. 
     Waterfowl populations and the changing environment of the
     Illinois River Valley. Illinois Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull.
     32(1).  54 p. 
 
Belsky, A.J. 1986. Does herbivory benefit plants? A review of the
     evidence. American Naturalist 127: 870892.
 
Bennett, L. J.  1938.  The blue-winged teal, its ecology and
     management. Collegiate Press. 144 pp. 
 
Berendsen, G., and Van der Kruis, A.  1986.  Groei en productie
     van Potamogeton pertinatus L. in het Lauwermeer in relatie
     tot begrazing.  Rijksdienst voor de IJasselmeerpolders,
     internal report, no. 1986-26 abw.  59 pp. (Dutch with
     English summary).
 
Berg, C. O.  1949.  Limnological relations of insects to plants 
     of the genus Potamogeton.  Trans. Am. Micro. Soc.
     68:279-291. 
 
Berge, D. A.  1987.  Native plants, fish introduced in lake
     restoration effort (Wisconsin).  Restoration Manage. 
     Notes 5:35.
 
Bergelson, J. 1990. Spatial patterning in plants: opposing
     effects of herbivory and competition. Journal of Ecology 78:
     937-948.
 
Bergey, E. A., S. F. Balling, J. N. Collins, G. A. Lamberti, and 
     V. H. Resh.  1992.  Bionomics of invertebrates within an
     extensive Potamogeton pectinatus bed of a California marsh. 
     Hydrobiologia 234:15-24.
 
Bergman, R. D.  1973.  Use of southern boreal lakes by
     postbreeding canvasbacks and redheads.  J. Wildl.  Manage.
     37:160-170. 
 
Bernard, J. M.  1974.  Seasonal changes in standing crop and 
     primary production in a sedge wetland and an adjacent dry
     old-field in central Minnesota.  Ecology 55:350-359.
 
Bernard, J. M., and F. A. Bernard.  1973.  Winter biomass in 
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