Presettlement Wildlife and Habitat of Montana:
An Overview
List of Early Montana Naturalists
- Name (lived)
- Years in Montana
- Specialty
- Geographic Area
- Specialty
- Adams, Robert (1846-1906)
- 1871-1875
- plants
- upper Yellowstone, Gallatin, Madison, Jefferson
- plants
- Alden, James M.
- 1858-1861
- artist
- northwest MT boundary
- artist
- Alderson, Mary L.
- 1889-1892
- plants
- Bozeman area
- plants
- Allen, George N.
- 1871
- plants
- upper Yellowstone, Gallatin, Madison, Jefferson
- plants
- Allen, Joel A. (1838-1921)
- 1873
- birds, mammals
- lower Yellowstone Musselshell Rs.
- birds, mammals
- Anderson, Frederick W. (1866-1891)
- 1883-1888
- plants
- Great Falls Belt & Highwood Mts.
- plants
- Audubon, John J.
- artist
- Missouri R., Ft. Union
- Missouri R., Ft. Union
- Ayers, Horace B. (1856-)
- forestry
- Flathead, Lewis & Clark Forests
- Flathead, Lewis & Clark Forests
- Bailey, Florence A.M. (1863-1948)
- birds
- Glacier & Yellowstone NPs
- Glacier & Yellowstone NPs
- Bailey, Vernon O. (1864-1942)
- mammals
- Glacier & Yellowstone NPs
- Glacier & Yellowstone NPs
- Baker, Horace B. (1889-)
- snails
- Ball, Carleton R. (1873-)
- plants
- Front Range
- Front Range
- Blakiston, Thomas W.
- 1857-1858
- birds
- Flathead, Kootenai Rs. Mont./Canada border
- birds
- Blankinship, Joseph W. (1862-1938)
- 1898-1905
- plants
- statewide
- plants
- Bourgeau, Eugene (1813-1877)
- 1857-1861
- plants
- possibly northern Montana
- plants
- Bodmer, Karl (1809-1893)
- 1833
- artist
- Missouri R.
- artist
- Brandegee, Edward N. (1865-1942)
- 1892?-1935
- plants
- Lewis & Clark Co.
- plants
- Burglehaus, Fred H. (1869-1929)
- plants
- Yellowstone NP
- Yellowstone NP
- Burke, Joseph
- 1844-1845
- plants
- Yellowstone, Musselshell, Madison, Jefferson Rs.
- plants
- Butler, Bertram T. (1872-)
- 1906-1907
- plants
- Glendive
- plants
- Cameron, Evelyn
- photography
- Custer and Dawson Cos.
- Custer and Dawson Cos.
- Cameron, Ewen
- birds
- Custer and Dawson Cos.
- Custer and Dawson Cos.
- Canby, William M. (1831-1904)
- 1883
- plants
- Flathead R. Lewis & Clark Co.
- plants
- Carleton, Mark A. (1866-1925)
- 1889
- plants
- Lewis & Clark Co.
- plants
- Carpenter, William L. (-1898)
- insects
- Bighorn Mountains
- Bighorn Mountains
- Catlin (1796-1872)
- 1832
- artist
- Missouri R., Ft. Union
- artist
- Clark, William (1770-1838)
- 1805-1806
- natural history
- Missouri, Yellowstone, Bitterroot Rs.
- natural history
- Comstock, Theodore S. (1849-1915)
- 1873
- geology
- Yellowstone NP
- geology
- Conrad, Henry S. (1874-)
- 1924-1926
- plants
- Yellowstone NP
- plants
- Cooke, Amy W.
- 1900-1903
- plants
- Gallatin Co.
- plants
- Cooley, Robert A. (1873-)
- 1903-1931
- insects
- state
- insects
- Cooper, James G. (1830-1902)
- 1853-1854, 1860
- birds, plants
- Missouri R.
- birds, plants
- Cope, Edward D. (1840-1897)
- 1874-1877
- natural history
- natural history
- Coues, Elliott (1842-1899)
- 1874
- birds, plants
- Milk R.
- birds, plants
- Coulter, John M.
- 1871
- plants
- Yellowstone NP
- plants
- Cowles, Henry C. (1869-1939)
- 1901
- plants
- Flathead, McDonald Ls
- plants
- Culbertson, Thaddeus A. (-1850)
- -1850
- natural history
- Missouri R.
- natural history
- Dawson, George M. (1849-1901)
- 1874
- Geology, natural history
- Milk R.
- Geology, natural history
- Dieck, George
- 1888
- plants
- Deer Lodge
- plants
- Douglas, Earl (1862-1931)
- 1897-1900
- paleontologist
- western Montana
- paleontologist
- Eggleston, Willard W. (1863-1935)
- plants
- Elrod, Morton J. (1863-)
- zoology, plants
- Flathead L., Glacier NP.
- Flathead L., Glacier NP.
- Evermann, Barton W. (1853-1932)
- fishes
- western Montana
- western Montana
- Fitch, Laura A.
- 1892
- plants
- Sheridan, Virginia City
- plants
- Fitzpatrick, Thomas J. (1868-)
- 1902
- plants
- Flathead L.
- plants
- Geyer, Charles A. (1809-1853)
- 1843
- plants
- Bitterroot, Flathead, Clark's Fork Rs.
- plants
- Gibbs, William
- 1884
- birds
- Helena
- birds
- Gooding, Leslie N. (1880-)
- 1899
- plants
- Yellowstone NP.
- plants
- Griffiths, David (1867-1935)
- 1898, 1900
- plants
- Billings, Red Lodge, Missoula
- plants
- Grinnell, George B. (1849-1938)
- 1876
- naturalist
- central Montana, Yellowstone NP
- naturalist
- Harris, Joseph S.
- 1857-1861
- naturalist
- northwest MT boundary
- naturalist
- Harris, Wilson
- 1901
- plants
- Missoula, Flathead Lake
- plants
- Havard, Valery (1846-1927)
- 1877, 1879
- plants
- Yellowstone, Musselshell, Missouri, Milk Rs.
- plants
- Hayden, Ferdinand V. (1829-1887)
- 1853-54, 1855-57, 1871-72
- geology, plants
- Yellowstone, Bighorn, Powder, Yellowstone NP
- geology, plants
- Hector, James (1834-1907)
- 1857
- birds, natural history
- Montana/Canada border
- birds, natural history
- Heller, Edmund (1875-1939)
- 1921
- mammals
- Yellowstone NP
- mammals
- Henshall, Hester S. (1898-1903)
- plants, artist
- Bozeman, Bridger Mts.
- Bozeman, Bridger Mts.
- Henshall, James A. (1844-1925)
- 1896-1909
- fishes
- Bozeman
- fishes
- Hilgard, Eugene W. (1833-1916)
- 1880-1883
- soils
- northern Montana
- soils
- Hoffman, Walter J.
- birds
- Flathead Reservation
- Flathead Reservation
- Hornaday, William T. (1854-1937)
- 1886
- mammals
- Miles City, Jordan
- mammals
- Howard, Winslow J.
- 1866
- plants
- western Montana
- plants
- Jackson, William H. (1843-1942)
- 1871
- photographer
- Yellowstone NP
- photographer
- Jennings, Herbert S. (1868-1947)
- 1897
- plants
- Bozeman
- plants
- Jones, Burle J.
- 1900-1903
- plants
- Bozeman
- plants
- Jones, William A. (1841-)
- 1873
- engineer
- Yellowstone NP, Fort Ellis
- engineer
- Jones, Wyatt W. (1879-)
- 1900-1903
- plants
- Bozeman
- plants
- Jordan, David S. (1851-1931)
- fishes
- Yellowstone NP
- Yellowstone NP
- Kelsey, Francis D. (1849-1905)
- 1885-1892
- plants
- western Montana
- plants
- Kendall, William C. (1861-1939)
- fishes
- Yellowstone NP
- Yellowstone NP
- Kennedy, Irene M.
- 1884-1900
- plants
- Great Falls, Belt, Flathead L.
- plants
- Kennerly, C.B.R.
- 1857-1861
- naturalist
- northwest MT boundary
- naturalist
- Kirkwood, Joseph E. (1872-1928)
- 1909-1928
- ecologist
- western Montana
- ecologist
- Koch, Peter (1844-1917)
- 1869-1917
- natural history
- Missouri R., Bozeman, Cooke City
- natural history
- Koch, Elers
- forestry
- western Montana
- western Montana
- Langford, Nathaniel P. (1832-1911)
- natural history
- Yellowstone NP
- Yellowstone NP
- Lehman, Arthur
- 1904
- plants
- Flathead L., Mission Mts.
- plants
- Leiberg, John B. (1853-1913)
- forestry
- n. Idaho, w. Montana
- n. Idaho, w. Montana
- Lewis, Meriwether (1774-1809)
- 1805-1806
- natural history
- Missouri, Jefferson, Bitterroot Rs.
- natural history
- Light, J.E.
- 1892
- plants
- Custer Co.
- plants
- Lord, John K. (1818-1872)
- 1858-1861
- ornithologist
- northwest Montana boundary
- ornithologist
- Ludlow, William (1843-1901)
- 1875
- engineer
- Yellowstone NP
- engineer
- Lyall, David (1817-1895)
- 1858-1861
- plants
- northwest Montana boundary
- plants
- MacDougal, Daniel T. (1865-)
- 1892
- plants
- Clark Fork R. Flathead L. Glendive
- plants
- Marcy, Oliver (1820-1899)
- 1866
- plants
- Bitterroot Mts., Fort Benton
- plants
- Mathews, A.E.
- 1860s
- artist
- Missouri River
- artist
- Matthes, Francois E. (1874-1948)
- geology
- Glacier NP
- Glacier NP
- Maximilian, Alexander P. (1782-1867)
- 1832-1834
- natural history
- Missouri River
- natural history
- Mearns, Edgar A. (1856-1916)
- 1889, 1902
- plants
- Yellowstone NP
- plants
- Merriam, Clinton H. (1855-1942)
- 1872
- natural history
- Yellowstone NP
- natural history
- Milner, James W. (1841-1879)
- fishes
- Muenscher, Walter C. (1891-)
- 1915, 1916
- plants
- plants
- Murie, Olaus J. (1889-1963)
- natural history
- Yellowstone NP
- Yellowstone NP
- Muttkowski, Richard A. (1887-)
- insects
- Yellowstone NP
- Yellowstone NP
- Nelson, Aven (1859-)
- 1899
- plants
- Yellowstone NP, Montana
- plants
- Newberry, John S. (1822-1892)
- 1884
- paleontology
- northern Montana
- paleontology
- Norton, Gertrude P.
- 1909
- plants
- Flathead L. Glacier NP
- plants
- Notestein, F.N.
- 1890-1895
- plants
- Deer Lodge
- plants
- Olson, Olaf M.
- 1904
- plants
- Yellowstone NP
- plants
- Osborn, Henry F. (1857-1935)
- 1906
- paleontologist
- paleontologist
- Packard, Alpheus S. (1839-1905)
- insects
- Palliser, John (1807-1887)
- 1847, 1857-1858
- natural history
- Yellowstone R. northern Montana
- natural history
- Peale, Albert C. (1849-1914)
- 1871-1872
- geology
- Yellowstone NP
- geology
- Pearsall, John
- 1858-1862
- natural history
- Fort Benton, Helena, western Mont.
- natural history
- Roosevelt, Theodore (1858-1919)
- 1903
- natural history
- Yellowstone NP
- natural history
- Russell, E.C.
- 1884
- birds
- Whitehall
- birds
- Rydberg, Per A. (1860-1931)
- 1896, 1897,
- plants
- southwest & central Montana
- plants
- Sandberg, John H. (1849-1917)
- 1892
- plants
- Clark Fork R. Glendive
- plants
- Saunders, Aretas A. (1884-)
- 1908-1915
- birds
- southwest Montana
- birds
- Scheuber, Emma W.
- 1888-1892
- plants
- Deer Lodge Co., Park Co.
- plants
- Scribner, Frank L. (1851-1938)
- 1883
- plants
- Lima, Dillon, Helena, Bozeman
- plants
- Seymour, Arthur B. (1859-1933)
- plants
- Billings, Livingston, Bozeman Helena
- Billings, Livingston, Bozeman Helena
- Shaw, William T. (1873-)
- 1892
- plants
- Deer Lodge , Bozeman
- plants
- Shear, Cornelius L. (1865-)
- plants
- Montana
- Montana
- Skinner, Milton P. (1879-)
- natural history
- Yellowstone NP
- Yellowstone NP
- Smet, Pierre Jean De (1801-1873)
- various dates
- natural history
- various locations
- natural history
- Smith, Ernest C. (1864-)
- 1904
- plants
- Yellowstone NP
- plants
- Snyder, Arthur J.
- 1897
- insects
- insects
- Spragg, Frank A.
- 1900-1901
- plants
- Fergus Co.
- plants
- Standley, Paul C. (1884-)
- plants
- Glacier NP
- Glacier NP
- Suckley, George (1830-1869)
- 1853
- birds
- central & western Montana
- birds
- Suksdorf, Wilhelm N. (1850-1932)
- 1889
- plants
- Park City, Big Timber, Bozeman
- plants
- Swallow, George C. (1817-1899)
- 1867-1870
- geology
- western Montana
- geology
- Thompson, David (1770-1857)
- 1808-1811
- natural history
- Clark Fork, Kootenai Rs.
- natural history
- Tilden, Josephine E.
- 1896
- plants
- Yellowstone NP
- plants
- Traphagen, Frank W. (1861-1941)
- 1888-1892
- plants
- Deer Lodge
- plants
- Tweedy, Frank (1854-1937)
- 1881-1891
- plants
- Yellowstone NP, s. & sw Mont.
- plants
- Umbach, Levi M. (1853-1918)
- 1901-1903
- plants
- L. MacDonald, Big Fork
- plants
- Vogel, Jacob
- 1900-1903
- plants
- Gallatin Co.
- plants
- Watson, Sereno (1826-1892)
- 1880
- forestry
- western Montana
- forestry
- Whitford, Harry N. (1872-1941)
- 1902
- forestry
- western Montana
- forestry
- Wilcox, Earley V. (1869-)
- 1896-1899
- plants
- Absaroka Mts.
- plants
- Wilhelm, Friederich P. (1797-1860)
- 1830
- natural history
- Missouri, Yellowstone Rivers
- natural history
- Williams, Robert S. (1859-1945)
- 1880-1899
- plants/birds
- Teton , Cascade Cos. Belt, Highwood Mts.
- plants/birds
- Williams, Thomas A. (1865-1900)
- 1898
- plants
- Billings, Red Lodge, Missoula
- plants
- Willis, Bailey (1857-1949)
- geology
- Glacier NP
- Glacier NP
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