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Presettlement Wildlife and Habitat of Montana:
An Overview

List of Early Montana Naturalists

Name (lived): Years in Montana; Specialty; Geographic Area

Adams, Robert (1846-1906): 1871-1875; plants; upper Yellowstone, Gallatin, Madison, Jefferson
Alden, James M.: 1858-1861; artist; northwest MT boundary
Alderson, Mary L.: 1889-1892; plants; Bozeman area
Allen, George N.: 1871; plants; upper Yellowstone, Gallatin, Madison, Jefferson
Allen, Joel A. (1838-1921): 1873; birds, mammals; lower Yellowstone Musselshell Rs.
Anderson, Frederick W. (1866-1891): 1883-1888; plants; Great Falls Belt & Highwood Mts.
Audubon, John J.: artist; Missouri R., Ft. Union
Ayers, Horace B. (1856-): forestry; Flathead, Lewis & Clark Forests
Bailey, Florence A.M. (1863-1948): birds; Glacier & Yellowstone NPs
Bailey, Vernon O. (1864-1942): mammals; Glacier & Yellowstone NPs
Baker, Horace B. (1889-): snails
Ball, Carleton R. (1873-): plants; Front Range
Blakiston, Thomas W.: 1857-1858; birds; Flathead, Kootenai Rs. Mont./Canada border
Blankinship, Joseph W. (1862-1938): 1898-1905; plants; statewide
Bourgeau, Eugene (1813-1877): 1857-1861; plants; possibly northern Montana
Bodmer, Karl (1809-1893): 1833; artist; Missouri R.
Brandegee, Edward N. (1865-1942): 1892?-1935; plants; Lewis & Clark Co.
Burglehaus, Fred H. (1869-1929): plants; Yellowstone NP
Burke, Joseph: 1844-1845; plants; Yellowstone, Musselshell, Madison, Jefferson Rs.
Butler, Bertram T. (1872-): 1906-1907; plants; Glendive
Cameron, Evelyn: photography; Custer and Dawson Cos.
Cameron, Ewen: birds; Custer and Dawson Cos.
Canby, William M. (1831-1904): 1883; plants; Flathead R. Lewis & Clark Co.
Carleton, Mark A. (1866-1925): 1889; plants; Lewis & Clark Co.
Carpenter, William L. (-1898): insects; Bighorn Mountains
Catlin (1796-1872): 1832; artist; Missouri R., Ft. Union
Clark, William (1770-1838): 1805-1806; natural history; Missouri, Yellowstone, Bitterroot Rs.
Comstock, Theodore S. (1849-1915): 1873; geology; Yellowstone NP
Conrad, Henry S. (1874-): 1924-1926; plants; Yellowstone NP
Cooke, Amy W.: 1900-1903; plants; Gallatin Co.
Cooley, Robert A. (1873-): 1903-1931; insects; state
Cooper, James G. (1830-1902): 1853-1854, 1860; birds, plants; Missouri R.
Cope, Edward D. (1840-1897): 1874-1877; natural history
Coues, Elliott (1842-1899): 1874; birds, plants; Milk R.
Coulter, John M.: 1871; plants; Yellowstone NP
Cowles, Henry C. (1869-1939): 1901; plants; Flathead, McDonald Ls
Culbertson, Thaddeus A. (-1850): -1850; natural history; Missouri R.
Dawson, George M. (1849-1901): 1874; Geology, natural history; Milk R.
Dieck, George: 1888; plants; Deer Lodge
Douglas, Earl (1862-1931): 1897-1900; paleontologist; western Montana
Eggleston, Willard W. (1863-1935): plants
Elrod, Morton J. (1863-): zoology, plants; Flathead L., Glacier NP.
Evermann, Barton W. (1853-1932): fishes; western Montana
Fitch, Laura A.: 1892; plants; Sheridan, Virginia City
Fitzpatrick, Thomas J. (1868-): 1902; plants; Flathead L.
Geyer, Charles A. (1809-1853): 1843; plants; Bitterroot, Flathead, Clark's Fork Rs.
Gibbs, William: 1884; birds; Helena
Gooding, Leslie N. (1880-): 1899; plants; Yellowstone NP.
Griffiths, David (1867-1935): 1898, 1900; plants; Billings, Red Lodge, Missoula
Grinnell, George B. (1849-1938): 1876; naturalist; central Montana, Yellowstone NP
Harris, Joseph S.: 1857-1861; naturalist; northwest MT boundary
Harris, Wilson: 1901; plants; Missoula, Flathead Lake
Havard, Valery (1846-1927): 1877, 1879; plants; Yellowstone, Musselshell, Missouri, Milk Rs.
Hayden, Ferdinand V. (1829-1887): 1853-54, 1855-57, 1871-72; geology, plants; Yellowstone, Bighorn, Powder, Yellowstone NP
Hector, James (1834-1907): 1857; birds, natural history; Montana/Canada border
Heller, Edmund (1875-1939): 1921; mammals; Yellowstone NP
Henshall, Hester S. (1898-1903): plants, artist; Bozeman, Bridger Mts.
Henshall, James A. (1844-1925): 1896-1909; fishes; Bozeman
Hilgard, Eugene W. (1833-1916): 1880-1883; soils; northern Montana
Hoffman, Walter J.: birds; Flathead Reservation
Hornaday, William T. (1854-1937): 1886; mammals; Miles City, Jordan
Howard, Winslow J.: 1866; plants; western Montana
Jackson, William H. (1843-1942): 1871; photographer; Yellowstone NP
Jennings, Herbert S. (1868-1947): 1897; plants; Bozeman
Jones, Burle J.: 1900-1903; plants; Bozeman
Jones, William A. (1841-): 1873; engineer; Yellowstone NP, Fort Ellis
Jones, Wyatt W. (1879-): 1900-1903; plants; Bozeman
Jordan, David S. (1851-1931): fishes; Yellowstone NP
Kelsey, Francis D. (1849-1905): 1885-1892; plants; western Montana
Kendall, William C. (1861-1939): fishes; Yellowstone NP
Kennedy, Irene M.: 1884-1900; plants; Great Falls, Belt, Flathead L.
Kennerly, C.B.R.: 1857-1861; naturalist; northwest MT boundary
Kirkwood, Joseph E. (1872-1928): 1909-1928; ecologist; western Montana
Koch, Peter (1844-1917): 1869-1917; natural history; Missouri R., Bozeman, Cooke City
Koch, Elers: forestry; western Montana
Langford, Nathaniel P. (1832-1911): natural history; Yellowstone NP
Lehman, Arthur: 1904; plants; Flathead L., Mission Mts.
Leiberg, John B. (1853-1913): forestry; n. Idaho, w. Montana
Lewis, Meriwether (1774-1809): 1805-1806; natural history; Missouri, Jefferson, Bitterroot Rs.
Light, J.E.: 1892; plants; Custer Co.
Lord, John K. (1818-1872): 1858-1861; ornithologist; northwest Montana boundary
Ludlow, William (1843-1901): 1875; engineer; Yellowstone NP
Lyall, David (1817-1895): 1858-1861; plants; northwest Montana boundary
MacDougal, Daniel T. (1865-): 1892; plants; Clark Fork R. Flathead L. Glendive
Marcy, Oliver (1820-1899): 1866; plants; Bitterroot Mts., Fort Benton
Mathews, A.E.: 1860s; artist; Missouri River
Matthes, Francois E. (1874-1948): geology; Glacier NP
Maximilian, Alexander P. (1782-1867): 1832-1834; natural history; Missouri River
Mearns, Edgar A. (1856-1916): 1889, 1902; plants; Yellowstone NP
Merriam, Clinton H. (1855-1942): 1872; natural history; Yellowstone NP
Milner, James W. (1841-1879): fishes
Muenscher, Walter C. (1891-): 1915, 1916; plants
Murie, Olaus J. (1889-1963): natural history; Yellowstone NP
Muttkowski, Richard A. (1887-): insects; Yellowstone NP
Nelson, Aven (1859-): 1899; plants; Yellowstone NP, Montana
Newberry, John S. (1822-1892): 1884; paleontology; northern Montana
Norton, Gertrude P.: 1909; plants; Flathead L. Glacier NP
Notestein, F.N.: 1890-1895; plants; Deer Lodge
Olson, Olaf M.: 1904; plants; Yellowstone NP
Osborn, Henry F. (1857-1935): 1906; paleontologist
Packard, Alpheus S. (1839-1905): insects
Palliser, John (1807-1887): 1847, 1857-1858; natural history; Yellowstone R. northern Montana
Peale, Albert C. (1849-1914): 1871-1872; geology; Yellowstone NP
Pearsall, John: 1858-1862; natural history; Fort Benton, Helena, western Mont.
Roosevelt, Theodore (1858-1919): 1903; natural history; Yellowstone NP
Russell, E.C.: 1884; birds; Whitehall
Rydberg, Per A. (1860-1931): 1896, 1897,; plants; southwest & central Montana
Sandberg, John H. (1849-1917): 1892; plants; Clark Fork R. Glendive
Saunders, Aretas A. (1884-): 1908-1915; birds; southwest Montana
Scheuber, Emma W.: 1888-1892; plants; Deer Lodge Co., Park Co.
Scribner, Frank L. (1851-1938): 1883; plants; Lima, Dillon, Helena, Bozeman
Seymour, Arthur B. (1859-1933): plants; Billings, Livingston, Bozeman Helena
Shaw, William T. (1873-): 1892; plants; Deer Lodge , Bozeman
Shear, Cornelius L. (1865-): plants; Montana
Skinner, Milton P. (1879-): natural history; Yellowstone NP
Smet, Pierre Jean De (1801-1873): various dates; natural history; various locations
Smith, Ernest C. (1864-): 1904; plants; Yellowstone NP
Snyder, Arthur J.: 1897; insects
Spragg, Frank A.: 1900-1901; plants; Fergus Co.
Standley, Paul C. (1884-): plants; Glacier NP
Suckley, George (1830-1869): 1853; birds; central & western Montana
Suksdorf, Wilhelm N. (1850-1932): 1889; plants; Park City, Big Timber, Bozeman
Swallow, George C. (1817-1899): 1867-1870; geology; western Montana
Thompson, David (1770-1857): 1808-1811; natural history; Clark Fork, Kootenai Rs.
Tilden, Josephine E.: 1896; plants; Yellowstone NP
Traphagen, Frank W. (1861-1941): 1888-1892; plants; Deer Lodge
Tweedy, Frank (1854-1937): 1881-1891; plants; Yellowstone NP, s. & sw Mont.
Umbach, Levi M. (1853-1918): 1901-1903; plants; L. MacDonald, Big Fork
Vogel, Jacob: 1900-1903; plants; Gallatin Co.
Watson, Sereno (1826-1892): 1880; forestry; western Montana
Whitford, Harry N. (1872-1941): 1902; forestry; western Montana
Wilcox, Earley V. (1869-): 1896-1899; plants; Absaroka Mts.
Wilhelm, Friederich P. (1797-1860): 1830; natural history; Missouri, Yellowstone Rivers
Williams, Robert S. (1859-1945): 1880-1899; plants/birds; Teton , Cascade Cos. Belt, Highwood Mts.
Williams, Thomas A. (1865-1900): 1898; plants; Billings, Red Lodge, Missoula
Willis, Bailey (1857-1949): geology; Glacier NP

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Presettlement Wildlife and Habitat of Montana: An Overview

List of Early Montana Naturalists

Presettlement Wildlife and Habitat of Montana:
An Overview