USGS - science for a changing world

Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

  Home About NPWRC Our Science Staff Employment Contacts Common Questions About the Site

Management of Agricultural Landscapes for the Conservation of Neotropical Migratory Birds

Table 1. Migratory status and habitat affinities of bird species that (1) are common in at least one habitat in agricultural landscapes, (2) are midwestern species of management concern due to rarity, habitat specialization, or population trend, or (3) both. Habitat affinity codes are C (common) and x (use).

Common Species1 and Species of Concern2 Migratory
Status3		 Cropland Herbaceous
Habitats		 Wooded
Habitats		 Wetland
Common loon (Gavia immer)2W   X
American bittern (Botaurus lentiginosus)2W   X
Least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis)2W   X
Trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator)2W   X
Mallard (Anas platyrhnchos)W   C
Blue-winged teal (Anas discors)W   C
Northern shoveler (Anas clypeata)W   C
Gadwall (Anas strepera)W   C
Northern harrier (Circus cyaneus)2B X  
Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)2B  X 
Red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus)2B  X 
Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus)2A X  
Gray partridge (Perdix perdix)4R C  
Ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)4R CC 
Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)R  C 
Yellow rail (Coturnicops noveboracensis)2W   X
Black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis)2W   X
Virginia rail (Rallus limicola)W   C
American coot (Fulica americana)W   C
Upland sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda)A X  
Common tern (Sterna hirundo)2W   X
Least tern (Sterna antillarum)2W   X
Black tern (Chlidonias niger)2,5W   C
Rock dove (Columba livia)4R  C 
Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura)B  C 
Black-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus erythropthalmus)A  C 
Yellow-billed cuckoo (Cocyzus americanus)2A  C 
Barn owl (Tyto alba)2R  X 
Burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia)2A X  
Short-eared owl (Asio flammeus)2B X  
Red-headed woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus)2S  C 
Downy woodpecker (Picoides pubescens)R  C 
Northern flicker (Colaptes auratus)2B  C 
Olive-sided flycatcher (Contopus borealis)2A  X 
Eastern wood-pewee (Contopus virens)A  C 
Eastern kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus)A CC 
Horned lark (Eremophila alpestris)B C  
Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica)A  C 
Blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata)S  C 
American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos)S  C 
Black-capped chickadee (Parus atricapillus)R  C 
White-breasted nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis)R  C 
Bewick's wren (Thryomanes bewickii)2S  X 
House wren (Troglodytes ludovicianus)A  C 
Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis)2B C C
Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris)B   C
Veery (Catharus fuscescens)2A  X 
Wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina)2A  X 
American robin (Turdus migratorius)B CC 
Gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis)A  C 
Brown thrasher (Toxostoma rufum)S  C 
Loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)2B  C 
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)4R  C 
Bell's vireo (Vireo bellii)A  X 
Blue-winged warbler (Vermivora pinus)A  X 
Golden-winged warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera)A  X 
Yellow warbler (Dendroica petechia)5A  C 
Blue-winged warbler (Vermivora pinus)A  X 
Golden-winged warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera)A  X 
Common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas)A CCC
Northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)R  C 
Rose-breasted grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus)A  C 
Indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea)A  C 
Dickcissel (Spiza americana)2ACCC 
Rufous-sided towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus)5B  C 
Bachman's sparrow (Aimophila aestivalis)2S  X 
Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina)A  C 
Clay-colored sparrow (Spizella pallida)5A C  
Field sparrow (Spizella pusilla)2S  C 
Vesper sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus)B CC 
Lark bunting (Calamospiza melanocorys)5A C  
Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)B C  
Baird's sparrow (Ammodramus bairdii)2,5A C  
Grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum)2ACCC 
Henslow's sparrow (Ammodramus henslowii)2S X  
Song sparrow (Melospiza melodia)B CC 
Swamp sparrow (Melospiza georgiana)B   C
Chestnut-collared longspur (Calcarius ornatus)5B C  
Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus)2ACC  
Red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)BCCCC
Eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna)2B CC 
Western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)B CC 
Yellow-headed blackbird (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus)A   C
Common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula)S CCC
Brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater)B CC 
Northern oriole (Icterus galbula)A  C 
American goldfinch (Carduelis tristis)B  C 
House sparrow (Passer domesticus)4R CC 

1The list of common species is from Best et al. (1995) unless otherwise indicated. Common species were those in which densities have exceeded 25 birds per 100 ha
2 USFWS (1995)
3A: breed in U.S. or Canada, winter south of U.S.
 B: breed in U.S. or Canada, winter in U.S. and south of U.S.
 S: short-distance migrants; not Neotropical migrants (Gauthreaux 1992)
 R: year-round resident species
 W: wetland bird, therefore not on the preliminary list of Neotropical migrant landbirds (Gauthreaux 1992)
4 Exotic species
5 Common according to Stewart and Kantrud (1972)

Accessibility FOIA Privacy Policies and Notices

Take Pride in America logo USA.gov logo U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
URL: http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/habitat/landscap/table01.htm
Page Contact Information: Webmaster
Page Last Modified: Saturday, 02-Feb-2013 04:49:16 EST
Menlo Park, CA [caww54]