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Waterfowl Communities in the Northern Plains

Table 3

Table 3. Correlation coefficients between annual counts of dabbling ducks at Woodworth Study Area, North Dakota, during 1965-89.

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                        American   Green-winged  Blue-winged  Nothern   Northern                         Lesser  Ruddy
              Gadwall    Wigeon        Teal         Teal      Shoveler  Pintail    Redhead  Canvasback   Scaup    Duck
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Mallard       0.52**       0.17        0.09         0.31        0.31      0.29      0.28      -0.01       0.02    0.05
Gadwall                    0.40*       0.47*        0.52**      0.19      0.57**    0.01      -0.24      -0.31    0.08
Am. Wigeon                             0.73***      0.10       -0.01      0.59**   -0.50*     -0.37      -0.38   -0.38
G.-w. Teal                                          0.03       -0.07      0.48*    -0.49*     -0.37      -0.45*  -0.26
B.-w. Teal                                                      0.49*     0.40*     0.08      -0.19      -0.34    0.16
N. Shoveler                                                               0.45*     0.46*      0.39       0.08    0.40*
N. Pintail                                                                         -0.06      -0.06      -0.21    0.15
Redhead                                                                                        0.52**     0.54**  0.71***
Canvasback                                                                                                0.57**  0.50*
Lesser Scaup                                                                                                      0.34
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* P < 0.05
** P < 0.01
*** P < 0.001

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