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Bayha, K. D.  1964.  History of the Woodworth study area with 
     emphasis on land use.  Unpublished report on file, 
     Northern Prairie Science Center, Jamestown, ND.

Bellrose, F. C.  1980.  Ducks, geese & swans of North America.
     Third edition.  Stackpole Books, Harrisburg, PA.  540pp.

Boyd, H.  1981.  Prairie dabbling ducks, 1941-1990.  Canadian 
     Wildlife Service Progress Notes 119.  9pp.

Cody, M. L.  1974.  Competition and the structure of bird 
     communities.  Princeton University Press, Princeton, 
     NJ.  318pp.

DuBowy, P. J.  1988.  Waterfowl communities and seasonal 
     environments: temporal variability in interspecific 
     competition.  Ecology 69:1439-1453.

Hammond, M. C.  1969.  Notes on conducting waterfowl breeding 
     populations surveys in the north central states.  Pages 
     238-254 in Saskatoon Wetlands Seminar.  Canadian Wildlife 
     Service Report Series 6.

Higgins, K. F., L. M. Kirsch, A. T. Klett, and H. W. Miller.  
     1992.  Waterfowl production on the Woodworth Station in 
     south-central North Dakota, 1965-1981.  U.S. Fish Wildl. 
     Serv. Resour. Publ. 180.  79pp.

Hildén, O.  1964.  Habitat selection in birds: a review.  Annales 
     Zoologici Fennici 2:53-75.

Johnson, D. H., and J. W. Grier.  1988.  Determinants of the breeding 
     distributions of ducks.  Wildl. Monogr. 100.  37pp.

Leitch, W. G., and R. M. Kaminski.  1985.  Long-term wetland-waterfowl 
     trends in Saskatchewan grassland.  J. Wildl. Manage. 49:212-222.

Lokemoen, J. T., H. F. Duebbert, and D. E. Sharp.  1990.  Homing 
     and reproductive habits of Mallards, Gadwalls, and Blue-winged 
     Teal.  Wildl. Monogr. 106.  28pp.

Martin, F. W., R. S. Pospahala, and J. D. Nichols.  1979.  Assessment 
     and population management of North American migratory birds.  
     Pages 187-239 in J. Cairns, Jr., G. P. Patil, and W. E. Waters, 
     eds.  Environmental biomonitoring, assessment, prediction, and 
     management--certain case studies and related quantitative issues.  
     Statistical ecology.  Vol. 11.  International Co-operative Publishing 
     House, Fairland, MD.

Nudds, T. D.  1983.  Niche dynamics and organization of waterfowl guilds 
     in variable environments.  Ecology 64:319-330.

Nudds, T. D.  1992.  Patterns in breeding duck communities.  Pages 540-567 
     in B. D. J. Batt, A. D. Afton, M. G. Anderson, C. D. Ankney, D. H. 
     Johnson, J. A. Kadlec, and G. L. Krapu, eds.  Ecology and management 
     of breeding waterfowl.  University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Nudds, T. D., and J. N. Bowlby.  1984.  Predator-prey relationships in North 
     American dabbling ducks.  Can. J. Zool. 62:2002-2008.

Pöysä, J.  1983.  Resource utilization pattern and guild structure in 
     a waterfowl community.  Oikos 40:295-307.

Pöysä, H.  1984.  Temporal and spatial dynamics of waterfowl populations 
     in a wetland area--a community ecological approach.  Ornis Fenn. 
     61:99-108.

Pöysä, H.  1986.  Foraging niche shifts in multispecies dabbling duck 
     (Anas spp.) feeding groups: harmful and beneficial interactions 
     between species.  Ornis Scand. 17:333-346.

SAS Institute, Inc.  1989.  SAS/STAT user's guide, version 6, fourth 
     edition, volume 2.  Cary, NC.  846pp.

SAS Institute, Inc.  1990.  SAS procedures guide, version 6, third 
     edition.  Cary, NC.  705pp.

Stewart, R. E., and H. A. Kantrud.  1971.  Classification of natural 
     ponds and lakes in the glaciated prairie region.  U.S. Fish and 
     Wildlife Service Resource Publication 92.  57pp.

Stewart, R. E., and H. A. Kantrud.  1973.  Ecological distribution of 
     breeding waterfowl populations in North Dakota.  J. Wildl. Manage. 
     37:39-50.

Strong, D. R., Jr., D. Simberloff, L. G. Abele, and A. B. Thistle, eds.  
     1984.  Ecological communities: conceptual issues and the evidence.  
     Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.  pp.

Trauger, D. L., and J. H. Stoudt.  1978.  Trends in waterfowl populations 
     and habitats on study areas in Canadian parklands.  Trans. N. Am. 
     Wildl. Natur. Resour. Conf. 43:187-205.

Wiens, J. A.  1976.  Population responses to patchy environments.  Annu. 
     Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7:81-120.

Wiens, J. A.  1977.  On competition and variable environments.  American 
     Scientist 65:590-597.

Wiens, J. A.  1985.  Habitat selection in variable environments: 
     shrub-steppe birds.  Pages 227-251 in M. L. Cody, ed.  Habitat 
     selection in birds.  Academic Press, Orlando, FL.  558pp.

Wiens, J. A.  1989a.  The ecology of bird communities, volume 1: 
     foundations and patterns.  Cambridge University Press, 
     Cambridge.  539pp.

Wiens, J. A.  1989b.  The ecology of bird communities, volume 2: processes 
     and variations.  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.  316pp.

Williams, G. D. V., and G. W Robertson.  1965.  Estimating most probable 
     prairie wheat production from precipitation data.  Canadian Journal 
     of Plant Science 45:34-47.