Distribution and Abundance of Predators that Affect
Duck Production: Prairie Pothole Region
Appendix
Table 7. Comparisons of percentage of study areas in the prairie and in the aspen parkland habitat zones of the prairie pothole region having abundance of individual predator species rated common or more abundant, 1983-88. Weasels and large gulls were excluded because data were insufficient to rate abundance.
| Species | Study Areas in Prairiea | Study Areas in Aspen Parkland | |||||||
| (N) | No. > or = common | % > or = common | (N) | No. > or = common | % > or = common | X2b,c | P | ||
| Carnivores | |||||||||
| Coyote | 21 | 15 | 72 | 12 | 9 | 75 | 0.05 | 0.825 | |
| Gray Wolf | 21 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0.07 | 0.787 | |
| Red Fox | 21 | 20 | 95 | 12 | 8 | 67 | 4.85 | 0.028 | |
| Raccoon | 21 | 17 | 81 | 12 | 6 | 50 | 3.46 | 0.063 | |
| Striped Skunk | 21 | 20 | 95 | 12 | 12 | 100 | 0.59 | 0.443 | |
| Badger | 21 | 14 | 67 | 12 | 2 | 17 | 7.64 | 0.006 | |
| Mink | 13 | 2 | 15 | 12 | 3 | 25 | 0.36 | 0.548 | |
| Rodents | |||||||||
| Franklin's Ground Squirrel | 21 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 3 | 25 | 5.78 | 0.016 | |
| Corvids | |||||||||
| Black-billed Magpie | 21 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 5 | 42 | 6.99 | 0.008 | |
| American Crow | 21 | 6 | 29 | 12 | 9 | 75 | 6.64 | 0.010 | |
| Raven | 21 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0.07 | 0.787 | |
| Raptors | |||||||||
| Northern Harrier | 13 | 4 | 31 | 12 | 4 | 33 | 0.02 | 0.891 | |
| Swainson's Hawk | 13 | 9 | 69 | 11d | 2 | 18 | 6.25 | 0.012 | |
| Red-tailed Hawk | 13 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 10 | 83 | 14.49 | <0.001 | |
| Ferruginous Hawk | 13 | 2 | 15 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2.01 | 0.157 | |
| Great Horned Owl | 13 | 8 | 62 | 12 | 6 | 50 | 0.34 | 0.561 | |
aExcludes minks and raptors in eight Central Flyway study areas
because data were insufficient to determine whether abundance was common or
greater.
bChi-square value with 1df.
cWe added 0.5 to all cells to accommodate zero counts.
dExcludes the Holden study area because data were insufficient to
determine whether species was common or more abundant.
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