Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
| Appendix A. Mean ambient temperatures, body mass, and changes in body mass, fat, and protein content of adult male and female northern pintails during a dry (1980-81) and a wet (1981-82) winter in the Sacramento Valley, California. | |||||||||||||||||
| Periodc | Sex | Dry winter (1980-1981) | Wet winter (1981-1982) | ||||||||||||||
| n | Temp (°C) | Body mass (g)a | Tissue gain or loss/day (g)a | n | Temp (°C) | Body mass (g)a | Tissue gain or loss/day (g) | ||||||||||
| Fatb | Proteinb | Fatb | Proteinb | ||||||||||||||
 |
SE | |
SE | |
SE | |
SE | |
SE | |
SE | ||||||
| Aug-Sep | M | 21 | 22 | 951 | 20 | 15 | 18 | -5 | 8 | 26 | 23 | 957 | 15 | 45 | 21 | -6 | 3 |
| F | 14 | 22 | 840 | 25 | 36 | 22 | 12 | 7 | 10 | 23 | 821 | 17 | 6 | 27 | -13 | 6 | |
| Sep-Oct | M | 23 | 19 | 1,028 | 20 | 81 | 23 | 14 | 6 | 18 | 19 | 1,026 | 19 | 66 | 23 | 15 | 4 |
| F | 17 | 19 | 893 | 18 | 46 | 22 | 2 | 6 | 13 | 19 | 829 | 17 | 28 | 15 | 11 | 5 | |
| Oct-Nov | M | 23 | 15 | 1,074 | 16 | 56 | 22 | -1 | 5 | 14 | 17 | 1,052 | 20 | -1 | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| F | 17 | 15 | 935 | 18 | 85 | 22 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 17 | 904 | 28 | 127 | 27 | 11 | 6 | |
| Nov-Dec | M | 19 | 10 | 1,053 | 14 | -35 | 21 | -3 | 6 | 13 | 13 | 998 | 25 | -41 | 24 | -4 | 7 |
| F | 19 | 10 | 924 | 17 | -45 | 16 | -13 | 3 | 10 | 13 | 940 | 22 | -54 | 35 | -3 | 6 | |
| Dec-Jan | M | 18 | 8 | 981 | 17 | -90 | 23 | -4 | 6 | 16 | 8 | 980 | 17 | 13 | 24 | 6 | 7 |
| F | 21 | 8 | 865 | 20 | -49 | 21 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 910 | 17 | -1 | 32 | -2 | 5 | |
| Jan-Feb | M | 18 | 9 | 992 | 21 | 124 | 22 | -1 | 5 | 18 | 8 | 1,037 | 18 | 77 | 21 | -1 | 4 |
| F | 23 | 9 | 887 | 21 | 54 | 23 | 0 | 4 | 13 | 8 | 908 | 15 | 15 | 21 | -2 | 4 | |
| Feb-Mar | M | 17 | 11 | 1,030 | 17 | -30 | 25 | -2 | 4 | 14 | 11 | 1,098 | 16 | 23 | 21 | -2 | 3 |
| F | 18 | 11 | 907 | 18 | -44 | 24 | -2 | 4 | 14 | 11 | 919 | 13 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 4 | |
| a Means determined from monthly means
in Miller (1986b). b Fat and protein changes do not equal gains or losses in body mass, because of variations in mass of plumage, ingesta, carcass water, ash, and rounding errors. c Assumes 30 days between monthly midpoints (e.g., Aug-Sep = 15 Aug to 15 Sep). |
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U.S. Department of the Interior |
U.S. Geological Survey
URL: http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/birds/popnrg/appenda.htm
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