White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Predation
on Grassland Songbird Nestlings
Acknowledgments
Camera systems were built by J. Christensen (Christensen Designs, Manteca, CA), R. Fuhrman (Fuhrman Diversified, Inc., Seaport, TX) and D. K. Garcelon (Institute for Wildlife Studies, Arcata, CA). We thank G. B. Berkey, R. J. Fletcher, T. A. Grant, C. M. Graue, L. A. Joyal, E. M. Madden, F. Y. Sargeant and the 1996-1999 nest-searching crews for assistance deploying and monitoring cameras. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided supplemental financial support, and their personnel at J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge and the Chase Lake and Valley City Wetland Management Districts provided logistical support and access to public lands. We also thank the Stutsman County landowners who allowed us access to their fields. G. A. Sargeant confirmed identifications of deer on our videotapes. G. L. Pearson facilitated captive deer tests. J. A. Jenks, T. L. Shaffer, M. A. Sovada, R. L. Telesco and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on the manuscript.
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