Canvasback Mortality from Illegal Hunting on the Upper Mississippi River
Study Area
Our 646-ha study area on Lake Onalaska in Navigation Pool 7 of the Upper Mississippi
River (Fig. 1) was open to hunting. Lake Onalaska is a 3,036-ha backwater immediately
above Navigational Lock and Dam 7 near La Crosse, Wisconsin. Water depth in
Lake Onalaska ranges from 0.6 to 2.5 m, and mean depth is about 1.3 m. The lake
has been used extensively by canvasbacks during fall migration since the mid-1960's
(W. E. Green, USFWS, Upper Miss. River National Wildl. and Fish Refuge, Winona,
Minn., unpubl. rep., 1974; Serie et al. 1983; Korschgen 1989). A 2,960-ha area
has been closed to hunting during the waterfowl hunting season since 1958. Boaters
have been encouraged to voluntarily circumnavigate a 1,390-ha waterfowl-avoidance
area (Fig. 1) established in 1986 in an attempt to further reduce disturbance
to waterfowl; it is an area closed to hunting but open to boating.
Fig. 1. Lake Onalaska study area, Navigation Pool 7, Upper
Mississippi River, 1991-1992.