USGS Home
Contact USGS
Search USGS

Anderson, M. G.  1989.  Species closures--a case study of the canvasback.  Int.
     Waterfowl Symp. 6:41-50.

Caithamer, D. F., G. W. Smith, F. A. Johnson, J. B. Bortner, J. P. Bladen, and 
     P. D. Keywood.  1992.  Trends in duck breeding populations, 1955-1992.  
     U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Migr. Bird Manage.  Office Admin. Rep.  24pp.

Cochran, W. G.  1977.  Sampling techniques.  Third ed.  John Wiley and Sons,
     New York, N.Y.  428pp. 

Haramis, G. M.  1991.  Canvasback.  Pages 17.1-17.19 in S. Funderburk,
     S. Jordan, J. Mihursky, and D. Riley, eds. Habitat requirements for 
     Chesapeake Bay living resources.  Second ed., rev.  Chesapeake Research
     Consortium, Inc., Solomons, Md.

Haramis, G. M., D. G. Jorde, and C. M. Bunck.  1993.  Survival of hatching-year
     female canvasbacks wintering on Chesapeake Bay.  J. Wildl. Manage. 57:763-
     771.

Hochbaum, G. S., and P. J. Caldwell.  1977.  The 1973 kill of canvasback under
     restrictive hunting regulations, Delta Marsh, Manitoba.  Can. Wildl. Serv.
     Prog. Notes No. 76.  6pp.

Hochbaum, G. S., R. Wishart, H. Murkin, and R. Jones.  1982.  Appraisal of
     autumn canvasback populations and harvest on the Delta Marsh during 1977 
     and 1978.  Can. Wildl. Serv. Prog. Notes No. 132.  5pp.

Kahl, R.  1991.  Restoration of canvasback migrational staging habitat in
     Wisconsin:  a research plan with implications for shallow lake management.
     Wisc. Dep. Nat. Resour. Tech. Bull. No. 172.  47pp.

Korschgen, C. E.  1989.  Riverine and deepwater habitats for diving ducks.
     Pages 157-180 in L. M. Smith, R. L. Pederson, and R. M. Kaminski, eds. 
     Habitat management for migrating and wintering waterfowl in North America.
     Texas Tech Univ. Press, Lubbock.

Korschgen, C. E., L. S. George, and W. L. Green.  1988.  Feeding ecology of
     canvasbacks staging on Pool 7 of the Upper Mississippi River.  Pages 237-249
     in M. W. Weller, ed.  Waterfowl in winter.  Univ. of Minnesota Press,
     Minneapolis.

Perry, M. C., and P. H. Geissler.  1980.  Incidence of embedded shot in	canvas-
     backs.  J. Wildl. Manage. 44:888-894.

SAS Institute, Inc.  1989.  SAS/STAT user's guide, version 6.  Fourth ed.  SAS
     Inst., Inc., Cary, N.C.  1686pp.

Serie, J. R., D. L. Trauger, and D. E. Sharp.  1983.  Migration and winter
     distributions of canvasbacks staging on the Upper Mississippi River.  J.
     Wildl. Manage. 47:741-753.

U.S. Department of the Interior.  1983.  Proposed hunting regulations on canvas-
     back ducks, 1983.  Environ. Assessment, U. S. Dept. of Int., Fish and Wildl.
     Serv.,  Washington, D.C.  20pp.