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Factors Limiting Mallard Brood Survival
in Prairie Pothole Landscapes

Acknowledgments

Several organizations and numerous individuals provided assistance during this study. We are grateful to the Central Flyway Council for providing financial support during 1988-91 and to personnel at the Kulm, Arrowwood, and Detroit Lakes Wetland Management Districts of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for allowing use of their facilities and access to lands under their management. We thank D. H. Johnson for advice on study design and for assistance in statistical analyses. We thank the National Wildlife Health Research Center, and particularly M. D. Samuel and L. Sileo for providing support during 1988-90 in conjunction with related studies addressing proximate causes of mallard duckling mortality. We also appreciate the cooperation of numerous landowners and operators for allowing access to their properties to capture and monitor broods. We are particularly grateful to D. A. Buhl, N. E. Drilling, C. P. Dwyer, D. W. Howerter, W. F. Jensen, and C. R. Luna who supervised collection of field data, and to T. R. Boschee, R. M. Corcoran, R. Dusek, S. Friedhof, E. Gilbert, J. S. Gleason, J. B. Hartman, B. L. Hellmeyer, M. R. Hill, T. Loose, G. G. Mack, W. A. Meeks, R. E. Olsen, A. D. Olson, M. R. Paradise, S. Pitschka, W. Seybold, S. Yu, R. A. Sonnen, L. Umbright, R. F. Sachs, R. Sanders, J. Steiner, and T. D. Thorn for monitoring radiomarked birds. We thank L. M. Cowardin, H. F. Duebbert, R. G. Greenwood, J. T. Lokemoen, and A. B. Sargeant for providing encouragement and assistance during the study. G. L. Pearson, DVM, advised on radio attachment procedures. We thank E. H. Dzus, K. P. Kenow, C. E. Korschgen, R. E. Reynolds, G. A. Sargeant, and an anonymous reviewer for improving earlier drafts of this paper.
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